Brief Overview of Ovarian Tumors April 29, 2005

Brief Overview of Ovarian Tumors April 29, 2005

Most ovarian tumors are benign, with malignant ones accounting for only 10%, known as ovarian cancer. Among gynecological cancers, it ranks third after cervical cancer and uterine corpus cancer. However, its mortality rate surpasses that of cervical and uterine corpus cancers, placing it first. This disease mostly affects women aged 20–50. Recent literature reports that women aged 50–60 are also a high-risk group.

1. Pathological Classification

(1) Epithelial Tumors: ① Serous cystadenoma, formerly known as serous ovarian cyst, with a malignancy rate of up to 35%; among them, papillary cystadenoma has a malignancy rate as high as 50%. Serous cystadenoma is the most common ovarian tumor, accounting for half of all ovarian tumors. ② Mucinous cystadenoma has a malignancy rate of 10%, accounting for 10% of malignant ovarian tumors. Next are endometrioid carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma, which also account for a small proportion.

(2) Germ Cell Tumors: Only 20% of ovarian tumors are germ cell tumors, with teratoma being the most common.

(3) Stromal Tumors: Granulosa cell tumor, which typically occurs around age 50, has a low malignancy rate and a good prognosis.

(4) Metastatic Tumors: Many originate from the gastrointestinal tract, with Krukenberg tumor being a representative example.

2. Treatment

Surgery is the first choice. For malignant cases, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy can be used as appropriate. Chemotherapy drugs include: CTX 800 mg, TSPA 20–40 mg, MMC 4–8 mg, 5-Fu 750–1000 mg, DDP 40–100 mg, ADM 10–50 mg.