Hemolytic Anemia 1994.2.23

Hemolytic Anemia 1994.2.23

The essence of hemolytic anemia is red blood cell defects. Red blood cell defects can be seen in the following four areas: red blood cell enzyme defects; red blood cell membrane defects; hemoglobin defects; autoimmune defects.

1. Red Blood Cell Enzyme Defects

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G-6-PD) is the most common genetic red blood cell enzyme defect. Several hospitals in Guangxi reported 387 cases of G-6-PD patients, indicating that this disease is the main cause of acute hemolytic anemia in children and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the region. The main triggers for this disease are infections, especially viral infections, and eating fava beans is also a major trigger. Testing method: The Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical College has established an improved G-6-PD fluorescence spot test, which can quantitatively reflect the degree of G-6-PD deficiency and can partially replace enzyme activity assays. Zhanjiang Medical College has prepared anti-G-6-PD serum and uses radioimmunoassay to measure G-6-PD levels, discovering a variant—the Zhanjiang type.

2. Red Blood Cell Membrane Defects

The most common types of hemolysis caused by this are paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and hereditary spherocytosis.

3. Hemoglobin Disorders

This type is most commonly seen in Mediterranean anemia.

4. Autoimmune Defects

Such as AIDS.