Antipsychotic Medications December 24, 1994

Antipsychotic Medications December 24, 1994

Perphenazine, also known as hydroxychlorpromazine, has similar effects to chlorpromazine, but its antipsychotic potency is stronger, and its antiemetic effect is far more powerful. Overall, this drug has two main functions: ① good effect on hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia; ② also good against nausea and vomiting. Fluoperphenazine is even stronger than perphenazine, with a dosage of 2–4mg orally, three times daily. Intramuscular injection is 5–10mg, once daily, and for severe psychiatric patients, up to 40mg daily can be used.

Diazepam: This drug has similar effects to Librium, but is stronger, with muscle-relaxing effects five times stronger than Librium, and anticonvulsant effects ten times stronger, making it highly effective for refractory epilepsy. The usual dosage is 2.5–5mg orally, or 10–20mg intravenously slowly, added to 5% Ringer’s solution, not exceeding 100mg within 24 hours, and intramuscular injection is 10mg, repeatable every 2–4 hours. Long-term, heavy use can lead to addiction. Another characteristic is rapid absorption and quick onset of action.

Antiparkinsonian medication: This is a synthetically produced anticholinergic drug, with strong central anticholinergic effects but weaker peripheral ones. Its main function is to treat Parkinson’s disease, usually 2–4mg, three times daily, with dosage increased if necessary.

Levodopa is a specialized drug for Parkinson’s disease and hepatic coma, usually taken orally, 0.1–0.25g each time, three to four times daily, and for comatose patients, it can be administered via nasal feeding after diluting in 100mL of physiological saline.

(Diazepam can be used for pre-comatose seizures in hepatic coma, just add 10–20mg to 5% Ringer’s solution for intravenous drip, which can supplement the lack of appropriate drugs for treating hepatic ascites coma.)