Typical Case

Chai Hu 10g　　Rhubarb 10g　　Bai Jiang Cao 15g　　Zhishi 10g　　Mirabilite 10g　　Tiger Stick 10g　　White Peony Root 15g　　Scutellaria 6g　　Yuanhu 6g　　Chuanxiong 6g　　Banxia 6g　　Chuanlianzi 6g　　Xiangfu 6g　　Coptis 3g　　Muxiang 3g　　Licorice 6g　　Goldthread 30g

After three doses, the patient passed black-brown, watery stools, and the pain significantly decreased, though occasional mild, intermittent pain remained, along with slight abdominal bloating. The pulse was wiry and slippery, and the tongue was red with a thin yellow coating. The above formula was then adjusted by removing mirabilite and adding 12g of Poria, 6g of bamboo juice, 15g of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, and 5g of cardamom, followed by three more doses of decoction. The patient reported that after taking the above formula, all symptoms markedly improved, and due to busy work schedules, she took another three doses of the same formula, eventually recovering fully.

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Example 2

Ms. Jiang, adult, employee in Longxi County, first visited on June 10, 1982. She had experienced right flank pain for several dozen days, with intermittent exacerbations. Liver function tests were normal, but recently the pain in the right upper abdomen intensified and radiated to the right shoulder and back, accompanied by aversion to fatty foods, vomiting after eating, and repeated episodes over dozens of times. There was obvious tenderness and pain upon palpation in the gallbladder area, with a positive Murphy’s sign. A gallbladder imaging examination conducted at Longxi Hospital did not reveal any stones.

Western Diagnosis: Acute attack of chronic cholecystitis.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Differentiation: The patient had bitter taste in the mouth, irritability, intermittent colicky pain in the right flank, wiry and rapid pulse, and red tongue with yellow coating. Treatment should focus on soothing the liver and resolving qi stagnation, as well as clearing damp-heat.

Prescription: Modified Chai Hu Shu Gan San, taken as a decoction.

<!-- translated-chunk:32/39 -->

Atrophic gastritis is a type of chronic gastritis and a common gastric disorder. Its pathogenesis may be related to the following factors: ① continuation of acute gastritis; ② duodenal reflux; ③ immune factors; ④ Helicobacter pylori infection. Conventional Western medical treatment alone is not very effective; traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment can only be based on subjective symptoms. Therefore, it is easy to confuse with other gastric diseases, leading to misdiagnosis and improper treatment.

Director Pei Zhengxue has conducted extensive clinical observations on patients with atrophic gastritis over many years of clinical practice, accumulating rich clinical experience. On this basis, he classifies atrophic gastritis into two types according to the site of lesion and performs TCM syndrome differentiation. Different prescriptions are then used for different types and syndromes, achieving good therapeutic effects in clinical practice and opening up a new avenue for integrated TCM-Western medicine treatment of atrophic gastritis.

"The sixteen-character principle of 'Western diagnosis, TCM syndrome differentiation, TCM as the mainstay, Western medicine as an adjunct' was first proposed by Director Pei Zhengxue for integrated TCM-Western medicine diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The classification and syndrome differentiation of atrophic gastritis are carried out under the guidance of this sixteen-character principle. First, on the premise of clear Western medical diagnosis, atrophic gastritis occurring in the stomach (Type A, characterized by positive B-cell antibodies and plasma cell infiltration) is treated according to the syndrome of spleen-stomach qi deficiency, since its clinical symptoms are mainly distension and fullness, often accompanied by fatigue, poor appetite, dizziness, and a pale, plump tongue. Atrophic gastritis occurring in the gastric antrum (Type B, characterized by negative B-cell antibodies and neutrophil infiltration) is treated according to the syndrome of excessive stomach fire, as its clinical symptoms are mainly epigastric pain, often accompanied by burning sensation in the stomach, dry mouth, constipation, and greasy yellow tongue coating. Type A is mostly treated with Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction, while Type B is mostly treated with Banxia Xiexin Decoction. Since 1986, hundreds of patients have been treated, with an overall effective rate of about 95% and a cure rate estimated at over 80% (detailed data are being compiled), achieving remarkable therapeutic effects. Typical cases are reported below:

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Pei Zhengxue’s Traditional Chinese Medicine—Discussions on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases

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Prescription: Pinellia, fresh ginger, Scutellaria, Coptis, Glehnia, jujube, Agarwood, Amomum, licorice. After taking more than ten doses of the above formula, symptoms alleviated; after another ten doses, symptoms disappeared, and there has been no epigastric pain for six years to date.

Case 2

Mr. Wang, male, 50 years old, supervisor, chief complaint: upper abdominal distension for 10 years, worsening for half a year. Symptoms are most pronounced in the evening, accompanied by aversion to cold, coldness in the back, fatigue, loss of appetite, loose stools, pale tongue with thin white coating, and wiry, fine pulse.

Physical examination: Distension upon palpation below the xiphoid process.

Gastroscopy: Mottled mucosa in the gastric body, indicating severe intestinal metaplasia due to atrophic gastritis.

TCM syndrome differentiation: Spleen-stomach qi deficiency type (classified as Type A).

Prescription: Agarwood, Amomum, Codonopsis, Atractylodes, Pinellia, Poria, Citrus peel, Alpinia, Cyperus, Dioscorea, fried Sanxian, licorice. After seven doses of the above formula, noticeable improvement in epigastric distension, with other symptoms also improving. Subsequently, the formula was adjusted and further administered, with significant effect.

Case 3

Mr. Yang, male, 23 years old, worker, chief complaint: upper abdominal distension and pain for two years, accompanied by acid regurgitation. Epigastric distension and pain coexist, unable to consume overly hot or cold foods, frequent acid regurgitation, aversion to cold, fatigue, alternating constipation and diarrhea, pale tongue with thin yellow coating, and deep, fine pulse.

Physical examination: Tenderness in the left subxiphoid region.

Gastroscopy: Mottled mucosa in the gastric antrum and gastric body, indicating atrophic gastritis with severe intestinal metaplasia.

TCM syndrome differentiation: Mixed cold-heat syndrome (Type AB).

Prescription: Agarwood, Amomum, Codonopsis, Atractylodes, Poria, Citrus peel, Fructus Aurantii, Magnolia bark, Pinellia, Scutellaria, Coptis, Angelica, Salvia, processed Myrrh, licorice. After ten doses of the above formula, all reported symptoms were alleviated. The prescription was further adjusted and continued, with satisfactory results.

Over several years of clinical work, the author has benefited greatly from the meticulous guidance of Director Pei Zhengxue, applying the aforementioned syndrome differentiation method to treat numerous patients with atrophic gastritis, consistently achieving excellent therapeutic outcomes.

(“Research on Integrated TCM-Western Medicine,” 1992.1)

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Reflections on the Treatment of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura with Pei’s Shenqi Sanhuang Decoction

Pei Xinyan

Over the past ten years, we have used Professor Pei Zhengxue’s Shenqi Sanhuang Decoction to treat primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura, achieving satisfactory therapeutic effects. Forty cases are reported here.

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Pei Zhengxue’s Traditional Chinese Medicine—Discussions on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases

Published by Heji Book Publishing House

Dosage: For severe bleeding, add 10g of Agrimonia; for yin deficiency with internal heat, add 12g of Rehmannia and 10g of Polygonatum; for fever, thirst, and spontaneous sweating, add 30g of Gypsum; for lower back pain and tinnitus, add 6g of Cornus; for palpitations and dizziness, add 6g of Polygala and 15g of Apricot kernel; for spontaneous sweating and aversion to cold, add 10g of Psoralea; for weak chi pulse, add 10g of Cuscuta; for nosebleeds, add Tuanlong Decoction: 15g of Glehnia, 10g of Ophiopogon, 15g of Polygonatum, 15g of Dendrobium, 10g of charred Danpi, 10g of charred Chenpi, 10g of charred Dactylis, 10g of charred Mentha, 20g of Achyranthes, 10g of charred Rheum, 10g of charred Imperata.

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Part Two: Experience Transmission

Published by Heji Book Publishing House

The Shenqi Sanhuang Decoction for treating primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura has a 100% efficacy rate in this group, demonstrating that the composition of this formula aligns with the pathology of the disease. The combination of TCM and Western medicine in treating this disease has formed a corresponding system of principles and prescriptions. Based on the formula, the TCM pathology of this disease should be further explored within the scope of “qi failing to control blood,” “blood heat running amok,” “blood deficiency and stasis,” and “yang deficiency with dampness excess.” Among the patients in this group, some also experienced lower back pain and tinnitus, indicating that, in addition to spleen qi deficiency as the root cause, prolonged illness can also damage the kidneys. Since the kidneys govern bone marrow production and are also linked to platelet generation, kidney-tonifying herbs such as Cornus, Cuscuta, and Psoralea are often added in adjustments.

(“Research on Integrated TCM-Western Medicine,” 1995.2)

Introduction to Pei Zhengxue’s Experience in Treating Hepatitis B Wu Bujing, Pei Zhengxue

Director Pei Zhengxue of Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital has unique insights into the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases. For hepatitis B, he has formulated a treatment principle of regulating the liver and strengthening the spleen to address the root cause, clearing heat and draining fire to reduce enzyme levels, and persistently nurturing righteous qi to eliminate surface antigens. Clinical application has proven this approach highly effective.

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Pei Zhengxue’s Traditional Chinese Medicine—Discussions on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases Published by Hefei Huisi Publishing House

TCM syndrome differentiation: The pattern is liver wood overcoming spleen earth, with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency. Long-term illness leads to collateral involvement, resulting in qi stagnation and blood stasis causing flank pain. Treatment should focus on regulating the liver and strengthening the spleen, promoting blood circulation and unblocking collaterals, supplemented by nourishing yin and clearing heat.

Prescription: Modified Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder combined with Chaihu Shugan Powder; taken as a decoction, one dose daily.

After 20 doses, flank pain significantly alleviated, appetite gradually increased, and gum bleeding disappeared. The formula was then adjusted by removing Danpi and Chuanlianzi, adding 30g of Salvia, and another 20 doses were administered. On June 28, the patient returned for follow-up, with symptoms completely gone, liver enlargement reduced by 2cm below the xiphoid process, soft texture without tenderness, HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV-DNA-P all turned negative, and other symptoms either alleviated or disappeared.

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Hefei Huisi Publishing House Issue 321

Treating chronic hepatitis B clinically to achieve negative surface antigen is not particularly difficult. As long as doctors and patients work together, remain persistent, and adhere to medication, the therapeutic effect is still very good. Patients need to take medication continuously over the long term, build confidence, and nurture righteous qi. The “Inner Canon” states, “Where evil gathers, qi must be deficient,” and “If righteous qi resides within, evil cannot invade.” As long as righteous qi is properly nourished, over time the surface antigen will naturally turn negative. According to statistics from the B-hepatitis team led by Professor Pei, which has treated 2,768 cases of B-hepatitis over the past five years, the rate of surface antigen turning negative is 39.9% in the first year, 40% in the second year, and can reach 50% in the third year, proving that the longer the treatment continues and the more consistently medication is taken, the higher the rate of surface antigen turning negative. Conversely, if medication is not taken consistently or confidence in treatment is lacking, the therapy will be abandoned halfway.

Case 3

Mr. Liu, male, 27 years old, purchasing agent, first visited in early September 1986. The patient felt fatigued and had poor appetite, bitter taste in the mouth and dry throat, occasional right flank pain, and was prone to colds. Tongue was pale with thin white coating, pulse was fine and wiry. Liver and spleen were not palpable.

Laboratory tests: HBsAg greater than 1:256, three systems: HBsAg(+), anti-HBc(+), HBeAg(-), anti-HBe(+), liver function normal.

TCM syndrome differentiation: Considering pathogenic factors invading Shaoyang, prescribed Xiao Chaihu Tang with additions of Huzhang, Yinchen, Qinjiao, and Banlangen.

After more than 100 days, subjective symptoms basically disappeared, with only occasional fatigue remaining. However, surface antigen ratio and the three systems remained unchanged upon re-examination. Tongue was pale with thin coating and pulse was deep and fine. Continued taking I-type B-hepatitis granules twice daily, morning and evening, for three years. During this period, surface antigen ratio and the three systems were checked three times, with no obvious improvement. Professor Pei instructed continuing to take I-type granules for observation. In August 1990, re-examination showed surface antigen negative, and all indicators in the three systems were also negative. This patient took medication for a total of five years starting from September 1986, and only after that did surface antigen and the three systems finally turn negative, fully demonstrating the importance of persistence in correcting surface antigen and the three systems.

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(“Gansu Traditional Chinese Medicine,” 1992.1)

Analysis of Two Cases of Purple Spot Treatment by Veteran TCM Physician Pei Zhengxue Xue Wenhan, Li Min, Zhen Yufeng

Professor Pei Zhengxue was recognized by China’s Ministry of Health in 1997 as one of the nation’s 500 renowned veteran TCM physicians, known for his expertise in treating difficult and complex conditions. Here are two cases of purple spot treatment he handled:

Case 1

Ms. Sun, female, 11 years old. First visit on February 3, 1997.

After a cold, purple spots appeared on both lower limbs, accompanied by knee joint pain, abdominal pain, and dry throat. Local hospital gave hormone treatment with no obvious effect, so she came to our hospital for treatment. Heart and lung examinations showed no abnormalities, liver and spleen were not palpable, and clusters or scattered hemorrhagic spots were visible on both lower limbs, especially on the medial side of the ankle joints, bright red or dark purple in color, not fading upon pressure. Tongue was red with thin yellow coating, pulse was floating and rapid.

Laboratory tests: Platelet count was 228×10³/mm³.

Western medical diagnosis: Allergic purpura.

TCM syndrome differentiation: Professor Pei believed it was caused by wind-heat invading the nutritive phase and blood heat running amok. Treatment should focus on clearing heat and detoxifying, cooling blood and dispelling wind.

Prescription: Taken as a decoction, one dose daily.

After ten days, purple spots on both lower limbs decreased, abdominal pain disappeared, but knee joint pain persisted. Tongue was red with thin yellow coating, pulse was wiry. The formula was adjusted by removing Agarwood and Coptis, adding 6g of Aconite and 10g of Chaihu, and after another twenty-odd doses, all symptoms disappeared.

[Note] “When wind and fire stir externally, it causes convulsions; when wind and fire stir internally, it forces blood to run amok.” Professor Pei believed allergic purpura falls under the category of wind and fire stirring internally, so treatment must emphasize both “draining fire” and “dispelling wind” to target the symptoms. Draining fire involves clearing heat and draining fire, with emphasis on herbs like Double Flower and Forsythia; dispelling wind involves cooling blood and dispelling wind, with emphasis on herbs like Rehmannia and Cicada Slough.

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Pei Zhengxue’s Traditional Chinese Medicine—Discussions on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases 324

Published by Hefei Huisi Publishing House

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Introduction to Professor Pei Zhengxue’s Experience in Treating Cirrhosis Xue Wenhan

Professor Pei Zhengxue is a renowned expert in integrated TCM-Western medicine, with liver disease treatment being one of his specialties. He has extensive experience in treating cirrhosis, summarized as follows.

Pei Zhengxue’s Traditional Chinese Medicine—Discussions on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases

Published by Hefei Book Publishing House

Utilizing modern medical research findings, emphasizing blood circulation promotion and stasis removal

While inheriting the experiences of predecessors, Professor Pei actively integrates new findings from modern medical research. Cirrhotic patients exhibit varying degrees of hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis, fibrous tissue hyperplasia, pseudolobule formation, and liver deformation and hardening. From a TCM perspective, this corresponds to what is known as blood stasis syndrome. Treatment should focus on this point, employing methods to promote blood circulation and remove stasis. In Professor Pei’s basic formula for treating cirrhosis, there are herbs like Salvia miltiorrhiza, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, and raw Rheum palmatum, which promote blood circulation and remove stasis. Additionally, based on clinical manifestations such as splenomegaly and bluish-purple tongue, herbs like Sparganium stoloniferum, Curcuma wenyujin, leeches, and Corydalis yanhusuo, along with Chuanlianzi, Ziziphus jujuba, processed Myrrh, Peach kernel, and Safflower are added. Modern research confirms that herbs like Salvia miltiorrhiza indeed promote hepatocyte regeneration②, working by dilating blood vessels and increasing hepatic blood flow, thereby improving or even eliminating blood stasis in the liver. Especially when the patient’s condition is good, it is crucial to seize the opportunity to use blood circulation-promoting and stasis-removing herbs.

It is worth noting that long-term use of these herbs can irritate the gastrointestinal tract to some extent, and some patients do experience discomfort in the epigastric region, nausea, and poor appetite after taking them. In such cases, it is important to balance long-term and short-term therapeutic effects, alternating with herbs that strengthen the spleen and stomach. However, blood circulation promotion and stasis removal should never be abandoned, because only through these measures can the fundamental blood stasis in the liver be corrected, leading to long-term benefits. Clinically, we have indeed observed that most patients, through blood circulation promotion and stasis removal, experience shrinking of the spleen, rising platelet counts, and improved blood stasis conditions.

Part Two: Experience Transmission

| Danggui | 10g | | Banzhilian | 15g | | Baihuashe She Shecao | 15g |

After taking more than forty doses of the above formula, abdominal distension and other symptoms significantly alleviated, and appetite increased.

Prescription: However, after catching a cold, facial nerve paralysis, excessive sweating, and head and body pain occurred, so Professor Pei switched to a method of harmonizing Shaoyang as follows. After more than ten days of treatment, cold symptoms completely resolved, and facial asymmetry was largely corrected. Subsequently, the original formula was adjusted and continued for another thirty-odd days, with all symptoms disappearing.

| Chaihu | 10g | | Huangqin | 10g | | Huangqi | 30g | | Dangshen | 15g | | Jiangcan | 10g | | Quanxie | 10g | | Danggui | 10g | | Salvia | 10g | | Banlangen | 15g | | Ma Chi Xian | 20g |

Follow-up ultrasound: Liver size normal, spleen thickness 4.9cm. Laboratory tests: Platelet count 124×10³/mm³.

Protein electrophoresis: Total protein 6.14 g/dl, albumin-to-globulin ratio 2.4:1, immunoglobulin 19.8%, all returning to normal.

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Pei Zhengxue’s Traditional Chinese Medicine—Discussions on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases

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① Zhao Yuqiu et al. Application of epidemiology in the study of TCM diagnostic criteria for liver diseases. TCM Journal, 1991, (3):49

② Qin Wanzhang et al. Advances in research on blood stasis and blood circulation promotion. TCM Journal, 1980, (10):75

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Observation of Therapeutic Effects of Pei’s “Lanzhou Formula” Combined with Chemotherapy in 100 Cancer Cases Li Min, Xue Wenhan, Li Wei, Chen Ling, Zhang Taifeng, Wan Qiang

The “Lanzhou Formula” is a prescription devised by Professor Pei Zhengxue, which gained fame at the 1973 Suzhou National Hematology Academic Conference for successfully treating a case of acute leukemia. Its herbal composition includes: Rehmannia, Yam, Cornus, Danpi, Alisma, Poria, Glehnia, Prince Ginseng, Lu Dangshen, Ku Shen, Human Hair, Huangqi, Atractylodes, Danggui, Fu Shen, Floating Wheat, Jujube, Ophiopogon, Five Flavor Berry, Licorice, Fried Jujube Seeds, and Polygala. Since 1993, we have applied Professor Pei’s “Lanzhou Formula” in combination with chemotherapy to treat 100 tumor patients, achieving significantly better therapeutic effects compared to the chemotherapy-only control group, while also markedly reducing toxic side effects. The results are reported as follows:

Pei Zhengxue’s Traditional Chinese Medicine—Discussions on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases

Published by Hefei Book Publishing House

2. Recent therapeutic effects are shown in Table 1. 3. Toxic side effects are shown in Table 2.

Table 1 Comparison of Recent Therapeutic Effects Between the Two Groups

P<0.05

Table 2 Comparison of Toxic Side Effects Between the Two Groups

P<0.01

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An Initial Exploration of Director Pei Zhengxue’s Clinical Experience in Treating Cirrhotic Ascites Wu Jianmin

Director Pei Zhengxue has been engaged in integrated TCM-Western medicine research for over thirty years. Through long-term clinical application, he has proposed the sixteen-character principle of "Western diagnosis, TCM syndrome differentiation, TCM as the mainstay, Western medicine as an adjunct" for integrated TCM-Western medicine, widely used in clinical practice to treat difficult and complex conditions.

During my internship from April to June this spring, I personally witnessed him skillfully applying integrated TCM-Western medicine methods to treat many critically ill patients, achieving unexpected therapeutic effects and gaining immense benefit. Here is a brief discussion on his treatment of cirrhotic ascites.

Professor Pei believes that cirrhotic ascites is a chronic progressive liver disease caused by multiple factors, which may develop from chronic hepatitis, or result from long-term alcohol consumption, schistosomiasis infection, metabolic disorders, and other factors. Clinically, the main manifestations include liver function impairment and portal hypertension leading to splenomegaly, ascites, and prominent abdominal wall varices. This disease falls under the TCM categories of "mass," "accumulation," "jaundice," and "abdominal distension." It arises from stagnation of liver qi, where liver wood overcomes earth, and damp-heat combines, leading to long-term qi stagnation and blood stasis, dual deficiency of spleen and kidney, and internal retention of water-dampness, ultimately resulting in mutual entanglement of qi, blood, and water, which then affects the kidneys, creating a situation of deficiency in the root and excess in the manifestation, with intermingling of both aspects.

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Dr. Pei emphasizes that treating this disease requires a thorough analysis of the etiology, pathology, and clinical syndrome, and treatment should be tailored to the specific pattern. In addition to symptomatic treatment with Western medicines, the primary approach is TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment to address the root cause. For example, for the liver-qi stagnation and spleen-deficiency type, Xiaoyao San with modifications is used to soothe the liver and strengthen the spleen; for the qi-stagnation and blood-stasis type, Gexia Zhuyu Tang with modifications is used to invigorate blood circulation, regulate qi flow, and relieve pain. For the spleen-kidney yang-deficiency type, Zhenwu Tang combined with Danzhi Xiaoyao San with modifications is used to warm the kidneys, strengthen the spleen, and promote diuresis. For patients with severe ascites, Wupi Yin is added; for those with obvious hepatomegaly, Sanleng and Ezhushi are added to invigorate blood circulation and resolve masses; for severe pain in the liver region, Shixiao San and Jinlingzi San are added to invigorate blood circulation and relieve pain. Dr. Pei also stresses that when combining Chinese and Western medicine to treat diseases, one must integrate the macroscopic perspective of TCM with the microscopic data of Western medicine, which will lead to better therapeutic outcomes. For instance, in liver function tests, an elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level is due to increased serum transaminase levels, indicating "excess." An increase in globulin and albumin levels, on the other hand, is caused by decreased serum protein, indicating "deficiency." As stated in the "Inner Canon of Medicine," "Treat excess conditions by reducing them and deficiency conditions by reinforcing them." Therefore, to lower ALT levels, one should appropriately add herbs such as Lianqiao, Gongying, Banlangen, Baishangcao, Xiahukao, Xiayucaocao, and Sheshicao, which clear heat and detoxify. To turn globulin and albumin levels negative and reduce their elevation, one should use Huangqi, Shou, Dangshen, and Danggui to tonify the body and consolidate the foundation, thus achieving better therapeutic effects.

Pei Zhengxue's Traditional Chinese Medicine—Discussion on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases

Published by Hefei Book Publishing House

Typical Case:

Part Two: Experience Transmission

Published by Hefei Book Publishing House

Case 2

Ms. Wang, female, 32 years old, farmer, reported that two years ago she experienced abdominal distension, loose stools, poor appetite, nausea, irregular menstruation, menstrual cramps, heavy and bright-red menstrual flow for unknown reasons. She had previously taken medicine from a local elderly TCM practitioner, which slightly improved her symptoms. This April, after an argument with her husband over household matters, she woke up feeling abdominal distension, loss of appetite, and chest and flank pain. The abdominal distension gradually worsened, and despite taking medicine from the elderly TCM practitioner again, there was no improvement. Consequently, she came seeking treatment from Dr. Pei.

Physical Examination: Generalized edema, dullness on percussion throughout the abdomen, abnormal palpation of the liver and spleen. Due to financial constraints, no further laboratory tests were performed. Based on his many years of experience, Dr. Pei diagnosed her with advanced cirrhosis and severe ascites.

TCM Syndrome Differentiation: Long-term accumulation has led to abdominal distension (liver-qi stagnation and spleen-deficiency type).

Prescription: Danzhi Xiaoyao San with modifications:

+:------------------+-------+----------+-------+:-------+-------+----------+-------+----------+-------+
> 丹皮10g山栀10g  | > 10g | > 白芍   | > 10g | > 柴胡 | > 10g | > 茯节   | > 12g | > 白术   | > 15g
> 當蹄 丹 梦 3 0  | >     | > 板蓝根 | >     | > 大   | >     | > 葫匿皮 | > 15g | > 大腹皮 | >
> g 黄 耆 3 0 g   | > 10g | > 三 棱  | > 10g | > 黄   | > 6g  |          |       |          | > 15
> 秦 艽 涣防己15g | > 10g |          | >     | > 莪   | >     |          |       |          | > g
> 車前子15g葶蓝子 |       |          | > 10  | > 术   | > 10  |          |       |          |
|       |          | > g   |        | > g   |          |       |          |
|       |          |       |        |       +----------+-------+----------+-------+
|       |          |       |        |       | 制乳没3g |       |          |
After taking a total of 15 doses, her ascites significantly reduced, the edema disappeared, and her weight dropped from 69 kg to 55 kg.
Her appetite improved, and the chest and flank pain disappeared. Upon discharge, Dr. Pei removed Dahuang, Qinjiao, and Banlangen from the original formula and added
Mu Xiang 6g and Yujin 6g, advising her to continue taking the medication after discharge to consolidate the therapeutic effect.


Case 3
Mr. Cai, male, 45 years old, worker, usually enjoys drinking alcohol, with a history of chronic hepatitis. In October 1991, after a single episode of excessive drinking, he suddenly experienced a nosebleed, losing about 500 ml of blood. Since then, he gradually felt abdominal distension, loose stools, chest and flank pain, and pain in the liver region. He self-medicated with proprietary drugs, but his symptoms did not improve. On March 20, 1992, he sought treatment from Dr. Pei.
Physical examination: dark complexion, emaciation, scattered spider angiomas on the face and neck, abdomen like a drum, prominent varicose veins, obvious breast enlargement, palmar erythema, red tongue, thick greasy yellow coating, and a wiry, rapid pulse.
Laboratory tests: routine blood tests normal, liver function: SGPT 48 U/L, albumin 3.65 g/dL, globulin 3.24 g/dL, gamma-globulin 25%; ultrasound shows splenomegaly. Western diagnosis: alcoholic cirrhosis;
TCM syndrome differentiation: abdominal distension (liver-qi stagnation and spleen-deficiency type).
**Pei Zhengxue's Traditional Chinese Medicine------Discussion on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases**
Published by Hefei Book Publishing House
Prescription: Western medicine prescribed hepatoprotective and diuretic drugs, while TCM used Danzhi Xiaoyao San with modifications:
Danpi 10 g, Shan Zhi 10 g, Danggui
[12 g]{.underline}

[赤白芍]{.underline}
[10
g]{.underline} [柴胡]{.underline}
[10 g 茯苓 15 g]{.underline}
Chuanlianzǐ 10 g, Yun Qiao 1 5 g
Hulu pi 15 g
After taking 7 doses, the pain in the liver region significantly eased. However, he still had poor appetite and abdominal discomfort. The original formula was adjusted by removing Yuanhu, Chuanlianzǐ, and Ezhushi, adding Jiaosanxian each 10 g, fried Laibuzi 10 g, Nannei Jin 1 0 g, Zhigu 10 g, and Houpu 10 g, and continuing to take another 20 doses. All symptoms markedly alleviated or disappeared. He was discharged with medication.

(“Journal of Gansu College of Traditional Chinese Medicine” December 1992)

Renowned expert in integrated Chinese and Western medicine, Chief Physician Pei Zhengxue, has extensive knowledge of both traditions and excels at treating difficult and complex cases, particularly hepatitis B. Based on his book “Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatitis B,” I have applied syndrome differentiation to treat hepatitis B with excellent results, as illustrated below.
Case 1
Mr. Huang, male, 26 years old. First visit on August 22, 1992. Complained of having hepatitis B for over a year. In May 1991, he began feeling fatigued, nauseous, and aversion to oil, followed by jaundice of the skin and eyes, and yellow urine. He was admitted to the local mine workers’ hospital, where liver function tests revealed abnormalities, HBsAg was positive, and he was hospitalized for acute hepatitis B. After treatment, his symptoms largely subsided, and his liver function basically returned to normal, so he was discharged.
However, HBsAg remained positive, and in the past two months he again felt fatigued, nauseous, and had vague pain in the liver region, accompanied by irritability and bitter taste in the mouth. His skin and eyes were slightly yellow but not very vivid, his urine was yellow, his tongue was bitter and greasy, and his pulse was wiry and slippery. A palpable mass of about 1.5 cm could be felt under the xiphoid process, soft and tender to pressure, with tenderness upon percussion in the liver region, but no palpable mass was found under the ribs.
Laboratory tests: ALT 330 U, TTT 10 U, HBsAg (+), HBeAg (+), anti-HBc (+), anti-HBe (-), anti-HBs (+). Diagnosis: chronic active hepatitis B.
TCM syndrome differentiation: pathogenic factors invade Shaoyang, damp-heat traps the spleen. Treatment should harmonize Shaoyang and clear damp-heat. Prescription: Dr. Pei’s No. 2 formula for hepatitis B, modified and decocted in water, one dose daily.


> 柴胡 15g   | > 10 g 半夏 | > 薰参 | > 10 | > 茵   | > 丹 参
> 黄芩       | > 10g       |        | > g  | > 陳 1 | > 2 0 g
|             |        |      | > 5 g  |
> 秦 艽 1 0  | > 1 0 g 白  | > 鬱金 | > 8g | 生 薏  | > 吴 茱
> g 當 歸    | > 芍 10 g   |        |      | 仁 3 0 | > 萁 4
|             |        |      | g      | > g
> 全 瓜 要 2 | > 1 0 g 川  | > 甘草 | > 6g | > 生薑 | > 大棗
> 0 g 元 胡  | > 楝 子 1 0 |        |      | > 3g   | > 4枚
| > g         |        |      |        |
After taking 30 doses, his spirits and appetite improved, the jaundice faded, the pain in the liver region almost disappeared, the liver shrank, and the tongue coating became thinner and slightly yellow. AST was 88 U, TTT less than 6 U, the original formula was adjusted by removing Yuanhu and Guaci, adding 20 g of turtle shell. After another 30 doses, the pain in the liver region disappeared, the tongue and pulse returned to normal, ALT was 34 U, TTT less than 5 U, HBe Ag turned negative, anti-HBe turned positive, and everything else remained as before.
Second diagnosis: The formula was adjusted by removing Wu Zhu Yu and Chuan Lianzǐ, adding 30 g of Huangqi, 10 g of Xianmao, 10 g of fried Bai Shu, and 10 g of Huangjing, and continuing to take it for 3 months. HBsAg also turned negative, and anti-HBs turned positive. One year later, everything returned to normal.
**Pei Zhengxue's Traditional Chinese Medicine---Discussion on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases, published by Hefei National Snow Publishing House**〔Note〕This patient presented with fatigue, nausea, aversion to oil, liver tenderness, jaundice, thick greasy tongue coating, and a wiry, rapid pulse. Combined with abnormal liver function and positive hepatitis B virus, it was determined that the pathogenic factors still dominated. Following Dr. Pei’s syndrome differentiation and treatment method, using the No. 2 formula for hepatitis B, harmonizing Shaoyang and clearing damp-heat, the condition was cured after five months of treatment.


**Pei Zhengxue's Traditional Chinese Medicine---Discussion on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases, published by Hefei National Snow Publishing House**Ascites test: **Large number of lymphocytes, pathology shows malignant lymphoma (NHL).**
Case 3
Ms. Huang, female, 59 years old, medical record number: 5815.
The patient presented with “left cervical lymph node enlargement for four months, accompanied by redness, swelling, heat, and pain for one month,” and was transferred to our department in June 1992. She stated that four months prior to admission, without any obvious cause, a bean-sized lymph node appeared on the left side of her neck, with no other symptoms. A certain hospital diagnosed it as “cervical lymph node tuberculosis” and treated it with anti-tuberculosis medication for more than three months, but the lymph node continued to enlarge and was accompanied by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, eventually leading to transfer to our department.
**Physical Examination:** T 36.3°C, P 74 beats per minute, BP 12/8 kPa. Malnutrition, chronic illness appearance, poor mental state. A 2.3×2.4 cm enlarged lymph node was palpated on the left side of the neck, lobulated, with a relatively smooth surface, hard texture, poor mobility, accompanied by redness, swelling, heat, and tenderness, with a sensation of throbbing pain. Heart and lungs (-), abdomen soft, no ascites (-), ultrasound and chest X-ray showed no abnormalities, electrocardiogram normal.

+--------------------------------------------+---------------:+
Laboratory tests                                      | 160×10³/mm3, urine
:Hb:13 g/dL, WBC:8.8×10³/mm3, N84%, L16%, BPC   |
> Analysis: HEU; POS, microscopic examination of white blood cells: 1–7/HP, ESR:75 | mm/hr, isotopes:
> D N A - P ( + ) ,餘( - )。               |
**Lymph node biopsy:** Malignant lymphoma (HD).

**Part Two: Experience Transmission**

Chemotherapy regimen COPP was administered, with drug usage similar to the previous case, and TCM “Lanzhou Formula” was used in conjunction. After four courses of treatment, the tumor on the patient’s head completely disappeared, ESR was 5 mm/hr, and all other laboratory tests showed no abnormalities. The patient was clinically cured and discharged. There has been no recurrence since then.

Dr. Pei Zhengxue’s experience in treating severe hepatitis
**Xue Wenhan, Li Min, Li Wei, Chen Ling, Zhang Taifeng, Wan Qiang**
Dr. Pei Zhengxue is a renowned expert in integrated Chinese and Western medicine, skilled at treating difficult and complex cases, especially liver diseases. Below is an introduction to his experience in treating severe hepatitis.

[Pei Zhengxue's Traditional Chinese Medicine---Discussion on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases]{.underline} Published by Hefei Book Publishing House

The “Five-Flavor Disinfecting Drink” is used to enhance the heat-clearing and detoxifying effects of the Three-Yellow Purging Heart formula; large doses of Danshen and Huangqi invigorate qi and activate blood circulation, while Fuling and Zexie strengthen the spleen and promote diuresis, allowing dampness to be expelled through urination. The entire formula is rigorously structured and reasonably composed, serving as a basic prescription for treating severe hepatitis.

Dosage: For patients with acute onset, rapid development of jaundice, irritability, and drowsiness, regardless of whether bowel movements are dry or not, the dosage of raw Dahuang should be increased to 10–20 g, and 10 g of Mangxiao (to be taken orally) should be added as needed, ensuring regular bowel movements, preferably 2–3 times a day. For patients with slower onset, progressively deepening jaundice, and prominent fatigue and poor appetite, the original formula should be supplemented with 20 g of Gegen, 20 g of Heshouwu, 20 g of Huangjing, 15 g of Danggui, and 15 g of Baishao to strengthen liver nourishment and protection. For patients with concurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding, add 15 g of Huairuishi, 15 g of Haipiaoshao, 15 g of Xueyu Tan, and 3 g of Sanqi (to be taken orally). For patients with ascites and edema, increase the dosage of Dafupi to 15 g, Fangji to 15 g, and Cheqianzi to 15 g. For patients with prominent nausea, hiccups, and abdominal distension, add 3 g of Muxiang, 3 g of Caodoukou, 15 g of Shengzhe, and 6 g of Dingxiang. For patients with persistent jaundice, add 10 g of Yujin, 20 g of Jinqiancao, 15 g of Qinjiao, and 15 g of Banlangen. For patients with severe infections such as fever, add 30 g of Shengshigao, 10 g of Zhimu, 15 g of Banzhilian, and 15 g of Baihuasheshicao. For patients with red tongue, little or no coating, thirst, and fatigue, add 15 g of Beishashen, 10 g of Maidong, 6 g of Yuzhu, and 6 g of Shihu.

After the jaundice subsides, patients often switch to a strengthening liver herbal decoction to further consolidate the therapeutic effect. The ingredients are as follows, to be decocted in water and taken once daily.

Shengdihuang 12 g, Huangqi 30 g, Danshen 30 g, Huangjing 30 g, Danggui 10 g, Baishao 10 g, Yujin 10 g, Shanjuyu 10 g Shenqu 10 g, Zexie 10 g, Dangshen 10 g, Banlangen 10 g, Qinjiao 15 g, Yinchen 15 g

In addition, for patients with severe hepatitis, Dr. Pei primarily uses TCM treatment while also providing symptomatic treatment and hepatoprotective medications. For patients with concurrent infections, antibiotic therapy is administered; for those with severe ascites, diuretics are given; for patients with massive hemorrhage, hemostatic drugs are provided along with immediate whole-blood transfusions; and for patients with hepatic encephalopathy, medications such as acetylglutamate and arginine are used in combination.

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Part Two: Experience Transmission Published by Hefei Book Publishing House

Western diagnosis: Subacute severe hepatitis.

TCM syndrome differentiation: Damp-heat accumulation, blood stasis, and damage to the spirit. Treatment should focus on clearing heat and promoting diuresis.

Prescription: Decocted in water, one dose daily.

Huanglian 8 g, Huangqin 10 g, Raw Dahuang 10 g, Zhizi 10 g, Mangxiao 10 g (to be taken separately) 10 g, Chaihu 10 g, Huangqin 10 g, Banxia 6 g, Danshen 30 g, Huangqi 30 g, Pu Gong Ying 15 g, Bai Jiang Cao 15 g, Yinchen 30 g

At the same time, administer 500 ml of 10% glucose solution plus 10 ml of 10% potassium chloride solution, 2 g of VC, 0.2 g of VB6, and 10 units of insulin intravenously once daily; 200 ml of normal saline plus 2 g of Vanguard VI intravenously twice daily; 250 ml of Metronidazole intravenously twice daily; 250 ml of 10% glucose plus 180 ml of hepatocyte growth factor intravenously once daily.

After the above treatment, the patient’s jaundice significantly subsided, and the ascites disappeared. However, in the fifth week, massive hematemesis occurred. In addition to Western blood transfusion and hemostasis treatment, the original TCM formula was supplemented with 15 g of Huairuishi, 15 g of Xueyu Tan, and 15 g of Haipiaoshao. After four days of treatment, the bleeding stopped, but the patient again developed extreme fatigue, red tongue with little or no coating, and a weak, fine pulse. The TCM formula was then adjusted to focus on invigorating qi, generating body fluids, clearing heat, and eliminating dampness.

Prescription: Decocted in water, one dose daily. After another four weeks of treatment, the symptoms disappeared, the patient’s spirits improved, and liver function returned to normal.

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Experience of Chief Physician Pei Zhengxue in treating skin diseases

Chen Ling, Xue Wenhan, Li Min

Chief Physician Pei Zhengxue is a renowned expert in integrated Chinese and Western medicine, skilled at treating various difficult and complex cases. Here is a summary of the experience gained from three years of apprenticeship under him in treating skin diseases:

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[Pei Zhengxue's Traditional Chinese Medicine------Discussion on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases]{.underline} Published by Hefei Book Publishing House

2. Pubic lice

Case 2

Patient Ms. Sun, female, 27 years old. After swimming, she felt unbearable itching in the genital area and tried applying 10% sulfur ointment externally, but it was ineffective, so she came to Dr. Pei for treatment. Physical examination revealed white lice eggs the size of a pinhead attached to the pubic hair, with punctate pubic lice embedded in the skin around the hair roots, impossible to remove by touch, and surrounding skin showing signs of erosion and eczema-like changes.

Western diagnosis: Pubic lice.

TCM syndrome differentiation: Dr. Pei adopted the approach of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, and killing parasites.

Prescription:

Shechuangzi 30 g

3. Eczema

Case 3

<!-- translated-chunk:34/39 -->

Patient Wang, female, 40 years old. One week after onset, patchy erythema appeared on the face, followed by the development of papules, vesicles, and other skin lesions that coalesced into plaques and spread outward. Some of the vesicles became eroded and exuded, with severe pruritus noted. Tongue coating was yellow and greasy, and the pulse was wiry and rapid.

Western Medical Diagnosis: Acute facial eczema.

TCM Syndrome Differentiation: Dr. Pei treated this condition by clearing heat and draining dampness, as well as nourishing blood and cooling blood.

Prescription: Decoction to be taken orally, one dose per day, divided into multiple administrations.

| Poria | 12g | Alisma | 10g | Sophora | 20g | Agkistrodon | 6g | Dictamnus | 15g | Phellodendron | 10g | Smilax | 12g |

After taking the above formula for 7 doses, redness and exudation on the affected skin decreased, with local crusting appearing; however, itching persisted. The original formula was then modified by removing dandelion and houttuynia, adding Ligusticum chuanxiong 6g and Paeonia lactiflora 10g. After another 7 doses, the patient fully recovered.

[Note] The etiology of eczema is extremely complex, generally believed to be related to allergic reactions. From a TCM perspective, Dr. Pei considers this condition to result from external invasion of damp-heat, which enters the blood and stirs up wind. In the early stage of treatment, the focus is on clearing heat and eliminating dampness; in the later stage, it shifts to nourishing blood and calming wind.

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[Next Part: Experience Transmission]{.underline} Published by Hefei Book Publishing House

4. Urticaria

Case 4

Patient Zhao, male, 40 years old. For the past two months, he has experienced intermittent pruritus on both lower limbs, accompanied by round wheals of varying sizes, bright red in color. Tongue examination revealed a red tongue with thin yellow coating, and the pulse was floating and rapid.

Western Medical Diagnosis: Urticaria.

TCM Syndrome Differentiation: Dr. Pei treated this condition by dispersing wind, clearing heat, and nourishing blood.

Prescription:

+-------------+-------:+-------+-------:+-------+----------------+-----+

Atractylodes | 15g | > 10g | Double Flower | > 10g | > Cortex Moutan 1 0 g | > g Dandelion | Red Peony | | | | > Rehmannia 1 2 | Fructus Lycii 10g | 10 g | > 10g | > Sophora | > 15g | > Dictamnus 6 g White | > g Stemona | Peach Kernel | | | | > Psoriasis Skin 1 5 | Forsythia 15g | 12 g | > 6g | Ginger | > 6g | > Astragalus 1 5 g | Ledebouriella | Agkistrodon | | | | |

After taking the above medication for 7 doses, the frequency of pruritic attacks decreased compared with before. The formula was then adjusted by removing Forsythia and adding Angelica sinensis 10g and Ligusticum chuanxiong 6g. After another 7 doses, the patient fully recovered.

[Note] Urticaria is caused by an increase in local histamine due to various allergic factors, leading to dilation of small blood vessels beneath the skin and mucous membranes, resulting in localized edema. It often presents as episodic attacks. Dr. Pei believes this condition arises from wind-pathogen combined with dampness and disharmony of the blood vessels. In treatment, in addition to dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, he also adheres to the principle of "treat wind first, then treat blood; when blood flows, wind naturally dissipates," placing equal emphasis on dispelling wind and nourishing blood. The therapeutic effect has been quite good.

5. Psoriasis

Pei Zhengxue Traditional Chinese Medicine——Discussion on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases

Published by Hebei Huixue Publishing House

After taking the above medication for 10 doses, dryness and irritability decreased, and the color of papules on the right upper limb and head/face slightly faded. The original formula was then adjusted by removing rhubarb and hemp seed, adding Forsythia 15g and Isatis indigotica 15g. After continuing to take the medication for more than 20 doses, all symptoms significantly alleviated.

[Note] Psoriasis is a difficult-to-treat disease. Although both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine have adopted various measures to combat psoriasis in recent years, the therapeutic effects have not been very satisfactory. Dr. Pei’s treatment approach starts with addressing heat toxicity, and has achieved excellent results.

6. Melasma

Case 6

Ms. Wang, female, 38 years old. Symmetrical yellow-brown patches appeared on both cheeks, with clear borders and smooth surfaces without scales. These patches coalesced into a butterfly-shaped pattern on both sides of the face. Such changes often worsen during menstruation, accompanied by dysmenorrhea, dizziness, and fatigue. Tongue examination showed a pale tongue with little coating, and the pulse was fine and rapid.

Western Medical Diagnosis: Melasma.

TCM Syndrome Differentiation: Dr. Pei believes this condition is due to deficiency of liver and kidney yin and depletion of nutritive blood. Treatment should focus on nourishing yin and enriching blood.

Prescription: Decoction to be taken orally, one dose per day, divided into multiple administrations.

After taking the above formula for more than 20 doses, dysmenorrhea disappeared, and the melasma faded. Therefore, peach kernel and safflower were removed, and after continuing to take the medication for another 20 doses, the melasma completely disappeared.

[Note] Dr. Pei believes melasma is caused by insufficient blood in the liver. For women, blood is the innate foundation; when blood is deficient, it cannot nourish the complexion, leading to this condition. According to the principle of "tonify deficiency," the primary treatment is to nourish liver blood.

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Next Section: Inheritance of Experience

Published by Hefei Yuansnow Publishing House

( Achievement )

Professor Pei Zhengxue’s Understanding and Treatment of Tumors

Zhang Taifeng and Chen Ling

In the 1940s and 1950s, the advent of chemotherapy opened up new prospects for cancer treatment. However, while chemotherapeutic drugs kill cancer cells, they also cause severe damage to normal cells and tissues. Although people have tried various ways to mitigate these side effects, overall the results have not been significant. Deep X-rays, cobalt-60, linear accelerators, and fast neutrons have gradually been used in cancer treatment, bringing about optimistic prospects. Efforts have been made to adjust radiation dosage and improve positioning techniques, reducing the side effects of cancer treatment to a minimum. Nevertheless, the problem of completely curing cancer remains unsolved. Biological agents such as thymosin, interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon, and tumor necrosis factor offer another avenue for regulating the immune system of cancer patients, but this area is still in its early stages of exploration. In fact, Western biological therapies and TCM’s method of reinforcing vital energy and consolidating the root are strikingly similar—only the latter is more diverse and yields more reliable results.

Pei Zhengxue Traditional Chinese Medicine—Discussion on TCM Theory and Clinical Cases

Published by Hefei Book Publishing House

Example: Acute monocytic leukemia (M5). The patient has survived for over 30 years and is now 51 years old, back to work as usual. Recent bone marrow examinations still show normal bone marrow findings.

Integrated Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Common Tumors