Chinese Abstract

Chinese Abstract

Objective: This experiment aims to verify the exact therapeutic effect of Pei’s Blood-Boosting Granules (PSSX) on immune-mediated aplastic anemia model mice by observing its impact on peripheral blood parameters, bone marrow histology, and the number of nucleated cells in the femur, while also exploring its underlying mechanism.

Methods: A total of 90 healthy BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal group, model group, high-dose PSSX group, medium-dose PSSX group, low-dose PSSX group, and Zhenqi Fuzheng group (ZQFZ). All BALB/c mice except those in the normal group were subjected to whole-body irradiation with 3.0 Gy of γ-rays using a linear accelerator, followed by intravenous injection via the tail vein within 4 hours of a suspension of thymus lymphocytes from DBA/2 mice, at a dose of 0.2 ml per mouse. Seven days later, peripheral blood parameters were measured, and five mice from each group were euthanized to assess whether the model had been successfully established. Once the model was confirmed, mice in each group were administered PSSX at different doses—high dose (0.02 g/g·d), medium dose (0.01 g/g·d), low dose (0.005 g/g·d), and ZQFZ group (0.01 g/g·d)—along with an equal volume of distilled water for the model group, via gavage, for 40 consecutive days. Blood parameters were measured again after 20 and 40 days of treatment; after 40 days, the mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation, both femurs were removed for counting nucleated cells and for pathological sectioning, and the results were statistically analyzed.

Results: Compared with the model group, the treated groups showed significantly higher levels of HGB, WBC, and PLT (p<0.05), though the increase in WBC was not as pronounced. The medium-dose PSSX group performed better than the Zhenqi Fuzheng group, while there was no significant difference between the low-dose group and the Zhenqi Fuzheng group; the high-dose group initially increased but then decreased. Regarding the number of nucleated cells in the femur, the treated groups differed significantly from the model group (p<0.05), with the medium- and low-dose PSSX groups outperforming the high-dose and Zhenqi Fuzheng groups, though the differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Histological examination of the bone marrow revealed that the treated groups had significantly greater hematopoietic tissue volume compared with the model group (p<0.05), with the medium-dose PSSX group performing better than the other treated groups.

Conclusion: Pei’s Blood-Boosting Granules can improve the bone marrow microenvironment, promote the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, increase the number of hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells, and inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of non-hematopoietic cells. Through these mechanisms, the granules restore bone marrow hematopoietic function and elevate peripheral blood parameters.

Keywords: Pei’s Blood-Boosting Granules; Aplastic Anemia; Immune-Mediated; Peripheral Blood Parameters

Research on Pei Zhengxue's Series of Formulas and Medicines

ABSTRACT

Objective: To explore the effects of Peishishengxue granule (PSSX) solution on bone marrow proliferation of immune mediated aplastic anemia mice.

Methods: 90 mice were divided into 6 groups randomly: normal group, high dose of PSSX group, middle dose of PSSX group, low dose of PSSX group and ZhenQiFuZheng (ZQFZ) group. AA mice models were made according to reformed Yaojun method: Except the normal mice, the BALB/c mice were irradiated by 3.0 GY γ ray from beamline accelerator for whole body and were given mixed cells from thymus and lymph nodes of DBA/2 mice through tail vein to establish the immune-mediated aplastic anemia mice models. After one week, hemogram and bone matopoiesis tissue volume of model mice obviously increased, it is a remarkable imparity compared with AA group; The results indicates that mice models were made successfully. After 20 days and 40 days the changes in hemogram were tested. After the experiment were finished, those mice were killed to take femoral bone to figure out the BMNC and the bone marrow hematopoiesis tissue volume.

Result: In the peripheral blood, it reveals that PSSX granule can obviously increase the level of Hb, white blood cell and platelet (p<0.05) of aplastic anemia but it cannot improve the level of red blood cell significantly. Middle dose of PSSX group are better than other group. And PSSX granule also can increase the level of karyocyte cell count in the femoral bone remarkably compared with AA group (p<0.05). As far as the pathohistology fact, PSSX granule can significantly improve the sign of myelopathy pathology (p<0.05).

Conclusion: PSSX granule can improve the level of peripheral blood and karyocyte cell count in the femoral bone. And it can improve the content of hematopoietic tissue notably. That means PSSX granule has the function of improving marrow microenvironment, enhancing the generation and differentiation of hemopoietic stem cell in the marrow, improving the number of haemopoietic stem cell, and suppressing the generation and differentiation in the non-hematopoietic tissue. Through the above processes, we think that PSSX granule can retrieve haematogenesis function of marrow and enhance the level in peripheral blood.

Keywords: Peishishengxue granule; aplastic anemia; hemogram; immune mediated

Foreword

Aplastic anemia (AA), often referred to as "re-zhang," is a disease caused by chemical, physical, biological factors, and other influences that damage bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, the hematopoietic microenvironment, and alter immune mechanisms, leading to failure of bone marrow hematopoiesis and characterized primarily by pancytopenia. Pathologically, it manifests as a reduction in hematopoietic cells and fatty infiltration of the red marrow. Based on the speed of onset and severity of the condition...

Research on Pei Zhengxue's Series of Formulas and Medicines

the degree of bone marrow damage and prognosis, it is classified domestically into acute and chronic types, while internationally it is divided into mild and severe forms. Although it can occur at any age, it is most common among young and middle-aged adults, with males being more frequently affected than females, and more prevalent in northern regions than southern ones. According to surveys conducted across 21 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China, the incidence of aplastic anemia is 7.4 per 100,000 people, with chronic aplastic anemia at 6.0 per 100,000 and acute aplastic anemia at 1.4 per 100,000.

Aplastic anemia falls under the categories of deficiency syndromes, depletion syndromes, blood deficiency, and blood-related conditions. The "Synopsis of the Golden Chamber" states: "When a man's complexion is pale, it indicates thirst and blood loss, and a floating pulse signifies internal deficiency." "Pale complexion, occasional drowsiness accompanied by nosebleeds, and lower abdominal pain—all these are symptoms of exhaustion caused by overwork." "A large pulse in men indicates exhaustion, and extreme weakness also signifies exhaustion." These descriptions are similar to aplastic anemia.

Pei’s Blood-Boosting Granules is a proprietary formula developed by Professor Pei Zhengxue, a renowned expert in integrated Chinese and Western medicine, which possesses anti-tumor and immune-enhancing properties. As early as the beginning of the 1970s, this medicine was named the "Lanzhou Formula" at national hematology conferences due to its successful treatment of numerous cases of leukemia, and it has since been widely used across the country with excellent results. In 1997, it was officially designated as "Pei’s Blood-Boosting Granules" as an internal preparation of the Gansu Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences, and in 2002, it passed the scientific and technological achievement appraisal as a clinical research project of the Gansu Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences, earning the first prize of the Gansu Provincial Huangfu Mi Science and Technology Achievement Award in 2003.

However, due to the lack of systematic research data on this formulation, in order to conduct a comprehensive and systematic study of this clinically highly effective herbal medicine and to develop it further, under the guidance of my mentor, Professor Pei Zhengxue, I have initiated this research project and carried out experimental studies.

Background and Rationale for the Research Proposal