Tongcao.

**In May 1984, the Gansu Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences established a hepatitis B research group led by Professor Pei Zhengxue. After four years of clinical research, the group conducted systematic treatment and observation on 2,021 cases of hepatitis B in the Lanzhou area, and applied TCM differential diagnosis and treatment to 429 cases of chronic active hepatitis B, while also establishing a control group for liver restoration. The overall effectiveness rate reached 87.53%, with a recent cure rate of 34.94%, an HBsAg seroconversion rate of 39.9%, and an anti-HBe seroconversion rate of 68.75%. All these improvements were significantly better than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.01). Other types of viral hepatitis can refer to the treatment protocols for hepatitis B.

1. Hepatitis B Type I: Indications: Asymptomatic. HBsAg-positive individuals, or those presenting with fatigue, poor appetite, hot flashes, restlessness, deep and thin pulse, red tongue, and thin coating. Liver and spleen enlargement is often not obvious, and liver function tests are normal. Three-system examination: HBsAg levels remain low and stable, anti-HBc positive, anti-HBe positive, HBeAg negative, HBV-DNA-P negative, HBV-DNA negative. Most patients in this category fall under what Western medicine calls “HBV carriers,” though a small number are chronic migrating hepatitis cases. Prescription composition: Sheng Ma, Shan Yao, Saffron, Bai Shao, Gui Zhi, Gou Qi Zi, Nu Zhen Zi, Wu Wei Zi, Sheng Gan Cao, Kuai Lou, Ge Gen, Wu Mei, Bai Hua She She Cao, Ye Ju Hua.

2. Hepatitis B Type II: Indications: Symptoms include bitterness in mouth, dry throat, flank pain, abdominal distension, restlessness, wiry and rapid pulse, red tongue, and slightly greasy yellow coating. Clinical symptoms are obvious, patients feel unable to work, liver is often palpable, spleen is usually not enlarged, liver function shows mild damage, with some patients showing moderate damage, and plasma protein electrophoresis generally falls within normal ranges. Three-system examination: HBsAg levels are usually higher, anti-HBw negative, HBV-DNA-P positive, HBV-DNA positive. Most patients in this category are in the acute phase of chronic migrating hepatitis, with some acute hepatitis B cases also falling into this category. Prescription composition: Chai Hu, Huang Qin, Ban Xia, Ginger, Dang Shen, Jujube, Gan Cao, Dan Shen, Mu Xiang, Cao Kou, Hu Zhang, Yin Chen, Ban Lan Gen, Wei Ling Xian, Wan Can Sha, Mu Gua, Xiang Fu.

3. Hepatitis B Type III: Indications: Fatigue, sallow complexion, lack of appetite, abdominal distension, pale tongue with white and greasy coating, and wiry, slippery pulse. Manifests as abnormal liver function, belonging to chronic damage, such as decreased albumin, increased globulin, and inverted albumin-to-globulin ratio. Prescription composition: Chai Hu, Bai Shao, Zhi Shi, Gan Cao, Xiang Fu, Chuan Lian, Dan Shen, Huang Qi, Dang Gui, Qin Jiao, Ban Lan Gen, Huang Jing, Yu Jin. Scan All-in-One Created**

4. Hepatitis B Type IV: Indications: Pain in the liver region or simultaneous pain in both flanks. Prescription composition: Chai Hu, Bai Shao, Zhi Shi, Gan Cao, Xiang Fu, Chuan Lian, Dan Shen, Mu Xiang, Cao Kou, Yuan Hu, Chuan Lian Zi, Zhi Ru, Da Huang, Huang Qin, Huang Lian, Gong Ying, Bai Jiang, and others.

5. Hepatitis B Type V: Indications: Advanced-stage cirrhosis with ascites and indigestion. Chronic liver damage, markedly reduced albumin, markedly increased globulin, inverted albumin-to-globulin ratio, accompanied by splenomegaly or esophageal and gastric fundus varices. Prescription composition: Cang Shu, Hou Pu, Chen Pi, Gan Cao, Dang Shen, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, Ban Xia, Zhu Li, Ze Xie, Gui Zhi, Da Fu Pi, Hulu Pi, Che Qian Zi, Han Fang Ji, Ze Lan, Qian Cao, Huo Xiang.

6. Hepatitis B Type VI: Indications: Chronic active hepatitis B (early-stage cirrhosis). Prescription composition: Jin Qian Cao, Cao He Che, Dan Pi, Huang Qi, Shou Wu, Shan Yao, San Ling, Ban…

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Radix Isatidis, Gentiana macrophylla, Shenqu, Alisma orientale, Codonopsis pilosula, Cicadae exuvia, Mulberry fruit, Coix seed, Peach kernel, Polygonatum odoratum, White snake Tongcao. 7. Hepatitis B Formula No. 3 Indications: Advanced liver cirrhosis with obvious yin deficiency, mainly manifested as dry mouth, red tongue with little or no coating. Herbal composition: Glehnia root, Ophiopogon japonicus, Dianthus superbus, Dendrobium, Oyster shell, Safflower, Polygonum multiflorum, Turtle shell, Goji berry, Melia toosendan. 8. Hepatitis B Formula No. 3 Indications: Chronic persistent hepatitis (mild to moderate liver function impairment without changes in albumin/globulin or albumin/globulin ratio), accompanied by dry mouth and throat discomfort, sore throat. Herbal composition: Achyranthes root, Moutan cortex, Ophiopogon japonicus, Licorice, Rehmannia glutinosa preparata and raw, White peony root, Atractylodes lancea, Dragon’s blood, Polygonum cuspidatum, Asarum, Platycodon grandiflorus. III. Adjustments to Medication for Different Types

(1) For jaundice, add Artemisia capillaris 20g, Polygonum cuspidatum 10g, Scutellaria barbata 10g; for jaundice accompanied by constipation, add Rheum palmatum 10g, Scutellaria baicalensis 10g, Coptis chinensis 6g; for jaundice accompanied by fever, add Gardenia jasminoides 10g, Gypsum fibrosum 30g; for jaundice accompanied by systemic bleeding, add Rehmannia glutinosa preparata 10g, Cirsium setosum 10g, Salvia miltiorrhiza 10g.

(2) For liver pain, add Corydalis yanhusuo 10g, Melia toosendan 20g; for severe pain, add processed Myrrh and Frankincense each 3g; for pain radiating to shoulders and back, add Luffa sponge, Agarwood, Typha angustifolia, and Ligusticum chuanxiong. (3) For poor appetite, add Gallus domesticus gizzard 6g; for abdominal distension, add Citrus aurantium immaturus 10g, Magnolia officinalis 10g, Rheum palmatum 3g.

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3g. (4) For ascites and edema, add Pericarpium citri reticulatae 20g, Calabash peel 20g, Wuling Powder, Wupi Drink, Zhenwu Decoction, etc. (5) For fever and high fever, increase the dosage of Bupleurum chinense to 20g; for persistent high fever, add Gypsum fibrosum 30–60g, and in some cases even over 100g; for night heat and morning coolness, add Artemisia annua, Turtle shell, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Rehmannia glutinosa preparata, Moutan cortex; for bone-steaming and tidal heat, add Bupleurum chinense 15g. (6) If liver function tests show flocculent abnormalities or an inverted albumin/globulin ratio, add Astragalus membranaceus 30g, Salvia miltiorrhiza 30g, Polygonum multiflorum 20g, Polygonatum odoratum 20g; if transaminases are elevated, add Taraxacum mongolicum, Patrinia scabiosaefolia, Houttuynia cordata, Herba Ecliptae, Sedum sarmentosum. IV. Single-Formula Prescriptions Single-formula prescriptions sometimes have very good therapeutic effects; as the saying goes, "A single formula can defeat a famous doctor," which is exactly the point. For example, Sophora flavescens injection, Schisandra chinensis alone, and orange leaf are all medications for treating hepatitis B. Below are some specific single-formula prescriptions.

1. Single-Formula Prescriptions for Viral Hepatitis (1) Artemisia capillaris 30g, Herba Ecliptae 9g, Jujube 10 pieces. Decoct in water and take one dose daily, divided into two servings. Used for acute icteric hepatitis. (2) Dried carrot tops 120g (fresh ones 250g). Decoct in water and take one dose daily, divided into two servings, for 5–7 consecutive doses. Used for acute icteric hepatitis and also for preventing hepatitis. (3) Artemisia capillaris 15g, Gardenia jasminoides 9g, Phellodendron amurense 9g. Decoct in water and take one dose daily, divided into two servings. Used for acute icteric hepatitis. (4) Purple ginseng 60g, brown sugar 15g, boil purple ginseng in water (just enough to cover the herbs) twice, each time simmering for about 0.5 hours; after both decoctions, mix the two liquids together and add brown sugar. Adults take 100ml each time, twice daily. Dan shen can also be used instead of purple ginseng to treat hepatitis, using the same method. (5) Artemisia capillaris 30g, tea leaves 15g. Decoct in water and take one dose daily, divided into three servings. (6)适量酸枣, cook until soft and eat the dates while drinking the soup. This prescription can lower transaminase levels. (7) Curcuma wenyujin 9g, Corydalis yanhusuo 9g, Cyperus rotundus (raw) 3g. Grind all ingredients finely and take three times a day, one

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dose per day, to treat chronic hepatitis.

(8) Artemisia capillaris 12g, Bupleurum chinense 9g, Selaginella tamariscina 12g, Curcuma wenyujin 9g. Grind all ingredients into powder, make tablets, adults take 9g each time, three times a day. This prescription is for chronic hepatitis.

(9) Artemisia capillaris 30g, Gardenia jasminoides 15g, Rheum palmatum 15g. First boil Artemisia capillaris in eight cups of water, then reduce the water by half before adding the other two ingredients, boil down to three cups, and divide into three servings. Used for yang-type jaundice.

(10) Artemisia capillaris 50g, Aconitum carmichaelii 10g, dried ginger 5g, stir-fried Atractylodes lancea 15g, Achyranthes root 15g, Agarwood 10g, Licorice 15g. Decoct in two portions (first boil Artemisia capillaris). Used for yin-type jaundice.

(11) Honeysuckle 25g, Radix Isatidis 25g, Rhizoma Imperatae 25g, Forsythia suspensa 25g, Peach kernel 15g, Red peony root 15g, Moutan cortex 15g,焦三仙 each 10g, Bupleurum chinense 15g, Poria cocos 25g, Citrus peel 15g, Ginger and summer 15g, Corydalis yanhusuo 25g, raw licorice 15g. Decoct in water and take. This prescription can improve liver function.

(12) Gentiana scabra 10g, Glycyrrhiza 15g, Bupleurum chinense 15g, Plantago major 20g (single package), Rehmannia glutinosa preparata 15g, Alisma orientale 15g, Aristolochia fangchi 10g, Angelica sinensis 15g, Gardenia jasminoides 15g, raw licorice 15g. Decoct in water and take.

This prescription is for non-icteric hepatitis with real syndrome.

(13) Angelica sinensis 15g, White peony root 10g, Poria cocos 15g, stir-fried Atractylodes lancea 10g, Peppermint 3g, roasted Turtle shell 15g. Decoct in water and take. This prescription is for non-icteric hepatitis with虚 syndrome.

(14) Artemisia capillaris 100g (in cloth bag), Jujube 400g, Mung bean 200g, add water and decoct until the jujube skin and beans are completely soft, then remove Artemisia capillaris, eat the jujubes and beans, and drink the broth frequently. Used for acute icteric

hepatitis. (15) Bovine bile 5g, Rehmannia glutinosa preparata 15g, Moutan cortex 15g, Indigo naturalis 15g, Gardenia jasminoides 15g, Water buffalo horn 25g, Rubia cordifolia 15g, Rhizoma Imperatae 25g, Coptis chinensis 10g, Large green leaves 25g, Licorice 15g. Decoct in water and take. Used for acute severe hepatitis. (16) Artemisia capillaris 30g, raw Gardenia jasminoides 15g, Honeysuckle 15g, Forsythia suspensa 15g, Dry lotus grass 20g, raw Rheum palmatum 12g, Aristolochia fangchi 15g, Moutan cortex 12g, Slippery elm 15g, Coptis chinensis 6g, Triangular prism 12g, Peach kernel 9g, Acorus calamus 6g, Polygonum cuspidatum 15g, Shrub 15g. Decoct 200ml, can be taken at once or in divided doses, one dose daily. Used for acute or subacute severe hepatitis. 2. Single-Formula Prescriptions for Ascites in Liver Cirrhosis (1) Mung beans and red-skinned garlic. Boil the mung beans until soft, mash the red-skinned garlic into a paste, eat it three times a day as a meal. Created by CamScanner

(2) One toad, remove the internal organs, fill it with 15g of mirabilite and 9g of Amomum villosum, boil it in plain water, and consume both the soup and the toad. (3) One pig liver, sprinkle 6g of powdered Glauber's salt on it, cut the liver open, sprinkle the medicinal powder inside, steam it once, and eat it. Avoid salt and soy sauce. (4) One pig stomach, add 9g of white pepper and 9g of black pepper, 5g of Amomum villosum, and 1.5kg of onion roots. Fill the pig stomach with medicine, then fill it with garlic, tie the opening, put it in a clay pot, boil it halfway with wine and water, eat the onions and the pig stomach, drink the soup, finish it all in one day. (5) One pig kidney, cut it open, fill it with 40g of red bean, seal it tightly, boil it until soft, eat the meat and the soup together. (6) One fresh carp (or crucian carp) weighing about 500g, 250g of red bean. Cut open the fish's belly, remove the entrails, first boil the red bean until it's cooked, then put the fish in to cook, eat the fish and drink the soup. Avoid salt and soy sauce. (7) Bupleurum chinense (vinegar-fried) 6g, hawthorn seeds 6g. Decoct in water and take for three days. (8) Amomum villosum 9g, seven mole crickets. Roast them dry and grind into powder, take once. (9) Seven small gourds, roast them into ash. Take 9–15g each time, twice a day, wash down with wine. (10) One fresh pig gallbladder, one large bowl of soy milk (made from the whey left over from tofu). Warm it up and drink slowly. If there's no fresh gallbladder, use a dried one instead, soak it in warm water first. (11) Walnut kernels, alum, red dates, steamed buns (made with yeast starter), black beans—each 12g. Crush the walnut kernels, grind the alum into powder, bake the red dates until dry and grind them into powder, peel the steamed buns and grind them into powder, steam the black beans until soft, mix all the medicines together and make pills. Take 9–30g each time, three times a day. Some patients may feel slightly uncomfortable after taking the medicine, but they should keep taking it. (12) One big toad, 15g of Amomum villosum. Put the Amomum villosum through the toad's mouth into its belly, then use yellow earth and mud to seal the toad tightly, about 1cm thick, then roast it over charcoal until it turns slightly red (roasted thoroughly), remove the mud, grind it into fine powder. Take 9g each time, twice a day, wash down with hot wine. (13) One whole white cockscomb flower, including the roots, decoct in water and take. (14) 27g of Poria cocos, 12g of Pig's liver, 9g of Alisma orientale, 9g of Green peel, 12g of Flat bean, 12g of Plantago major, 12g of Atractylodes lancea, 12g of Guangdong citrus peel, 9g of Curcuma wenyujin, 3 slices of ginger. Decoct in water and take. Additions and subtractions: For those who urinate less, add Semen Raphani and Phytolacca americana; for those whose urine flows well but still feel bloated, add Glauber's salt.

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(15) Turtle shell 9g, pangolin scales 6g, oyster shell 9g, Angelica sinensis tail 9g, Peach kernel 9g, Safflower 9g, Rubia cordifolia 9g, Alisma orientale 9g, White peony root 9g, Poria cocos 12g, Codonopsis pilosula 9g. Decoct in water and take. (16) Xiao Shui Dan 15g. Use 60g of Rhizoma Imperatae to decoct and take. (17) Raw Atractylodes lancea 21g, Poria cocos 45g, Coix seed 24g, Red bean 30g, Hangzhou white peony 12g, Pig's liver 9g, Alisma orientale 9g, Amber 3g, Winter melon peel 30g, Turtle shell 12g, Melia toosendan 12g, Chicken gizzard 12g. Decoct in water and take. (18) Raw Atractylodes lancea 21g, Poria cocos 9g, Coix seed 24g, Alisma orientale 9g, Red bean 30g, Plantago major 24g, Fang Ji 9g, Melia toosendan 9g, Chicken gizzard 12g, Curcuma wenyujin 9g, Shenqu 9g, Tong Cao 3g, Dan Cao 9g, Shang Lu 9g. Decoct in water and take. (19) Angelica sinensis 9g, Astragalus membranaceus 12g, Atractylodes lancea 9g, Hangzhou white peony 9g, Lan Xiang 9g, Moutan cortex 9g, Poria cocos 15g, Cypress seeds 9g, Alisma orientale 9g, Woodpecker 9g, Chicken gizzard 9g, Du Zhong 9g, Ginger 9g, Peach kernel 9g, Salt 9g, Licorice 9g, and so on. Decoct in water and take morning and evening. (20) Glauber's salt 9g, one pig liver. Roast it until it turns yellow, grind it into fine powder, divide it into 2–4 portions, take it with wine before breakfast and dinner. (21) Initial treatment method: relieve liver stagnation. Bupleurum chinense 18g, Peppermint 6g, Angelica sinensis 24g, Oyster shell 12g, White peony 24g, Raw Atractylodes lancea 15g, Poria cocos 15g, Vinegar-flavored Cyperus rotundus 30g, Stir-fried Gardenia jasminoides 9–12g, Moutan cortex 12g, Licorice 9g, Raw Ginger 9g, Two red dates. Decoct in water and take. (22) Mid-term treatment method: nourish the liver and strengthen the spleen, with auxiliary measures to eliminate water. Bupleurum chinense 18g, Atractylodes lancea 15g, Poria cocos 30g, Angelica sinensis 18g, White peony 24g, Guangdong citrus peel 12g, Stir-fried Citrus aurantium 15g. Decoct in water and take. (23) Third-stage treatment method: warm the kidneys and promote diuresis. Rehmannia glutinosa preparata 90g, Chinese yam 18g, Cornelian cherry 15g, Poria cocos 45g, Pig's liver 12g, Powdered Moutan cortex 15g, Alisma orientale 18g, Cinnamon bark 9g, Big belly skin 18g, Plantago major 18g, Stinging nettle 24g, Aconitum carmichaelii 9g. Decoct in water and take. (24) Stir-fried Sour date seeds 30g, Raw Dodder 24g, Chinese yam 18g, Green peel 9g, Cornelian cherry 9g, Raw Turtle shell 15g, Cyperus rotundus 9g, Fragrant herb 9g, Fairy crane grass 9g, Chicken bone grass 9g, Field base yellow 9g, Amomum villosum 9g, Raw Du Zhong 9g, Raw Atractylodes lancea 12g, Gentiana scabra 3g, Orange core 9g, Bone-strengthening agent 9g, Poria cocos 12g, Silver Bupleurum 9g. Decoct twice, take in two portions. (25) Bupleurum chinense 5g, Cornelian cherry 12g, Chinese yam 15g, Betel nut 9g, Safflower 5g, Peach kernel

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