III. Genetic Factors

In the past, there was little hope for preventing fetal malformations; however, recently, foreign countries have begun implementing triple prevention measures during the perinatal period for hepatitis B mothers and their infants, which can result in over 99% of infants being born healthy, even if both parents are hepatitis B carriers or single parents. Urban hospitals in China are also gradually adopting this treatment approach. If this treatment can be widely promoted domestically, hepatitis B will become rare, and the day when hepatitis B becomes a widespread epidemic control measure will not be far off. The specific methods of triple prevention include: This method is suitable for parents who test positive for the E antigen—those commonly referred to as “big three-positive” parents or single parents—during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Infants born to parents with “small three-positive” status are generally healthy, so they are not considered candidates for triple prevention. The specific procedures for triple prevention are as follows: ① Pregnant women should receive intramuscular injections of high-titer hepatitis B immunoglobulin at 28, 30, and 36 weeks, respectively, at the beginning of weeks 7, 8, and 9; ② After the baby is born, administer an intramuscular injection of high-titer hepatitis B immunoglobulin at 24 hours and again at 15 days; ③ One month, three months, and six months after birth, administer one dose of hepatitis B vaccine. The first phase of triple prevention uses hepatitis B immunoglobulin, which serves as active immunity; the subsequent use of hepatitis B vaccine acts as passive immunity. After these three phases of prevention, 99% of infants born to parents with “big three-positive” hepatitis B status are born as healthy babies.

The above three factors are the primary causes of distress for hepatitis B patients. The severity of transmission has been largely forgotten in society; hepatitis B patients often face varying degrees of discrimination, and those around them tend to avoid them, placing immense psychological pressure on hepatitis B patients. In fact, more than two-thirds of hepatitis B patients have “small three-positive” status, where the virus is either non-existent or present in very low levels. Such individuals are not contagious at all. We often see families consisting of three members—mother and child both suffering from hepatitis B, while the father eats and lives with them without any concept of isolation or preventive measures. Decades later, the father remains completely healthy. This demonstrates that hepatitis B’s contagiousness is not something to fear. For most hepatitis B patients, the greatest source of distress lies in the difficulty of curing the disease. Although treating hepatitis B is challenging, with continuous advancements in medical science, there are now more and more treatment options available, and the efficacy of these treatments is steadily improving. Recently, the rate of HBsAg seroconversion has reached over 50%, and the E antigen conversion rate exceeds 70%. Traditional Chinese medicine formulations offer long-lasting therapeutic effects and can even prevent the progression of hepatitis B to cirrhosis and liver cancer. All of these facts demonstrate that hepatitis B is treatable—and even curable—if approached correctly and treated consistently. The future holds bright prospects, and there is no need for despair. Regarding the children of hepatitis B patients, we’ve already discussed the perinatal triple prevention strategy, which has effectively resolved this issue. Even if both parents are “big three-positive,” it is still possible to give birth to a healthy, lively infant—there is no need to worry about having children after marriage.

Research Progress on Helicobacter pylori

In the 1970s, researchers discovered a rod-shaped, curved bacterium in the gastric contents of patients with chronic gastritis. At the time, this bacterium was named Helicobacter pylori, and studies showed a close relationship between H. pylori and atrophic gastritis. Later, researchers found that H. pylori also had a significant connection with ulcers. By the late 20th century, as research on H. pylori deepened, scientists discovered that this bacterium possessed broad pathogenic properties, and thus the name “Helicobacter pylori” was adopted. H. pylori has been implicated in diseases across various systems of the human body.

1. Digestive System: Chronic atrophic gastritis, ulcers in the stomach and duodenum, superficial gastritis, reflux esophagitis, gastric MALT lymphoma, salivary gland MALT lymphoma, hepatic encephalopathy—all of these conditions are closely associated with H. pylori infection.

2. Respiratory System: Recent animal experiments have shown that inflammation in the upper digestive tract may trigger chronic bronchitis through a non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic sensory nerve pathway, rather than the traditional belief that bacteria directly cause infection. Through evidence-based medical observations, researchers found that patients with H. pylori infection in the gastrointestinal system were several times more likely to develop chronic bronchitis compared to the general population. Recently, H. pylori has even been directly detected in respiratory secretions.

3. Hematological System: Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), often referred to as primary thrombocytopenic purpura, has been linked to H. pylori infection in over 85% of cases, with H. pylori found in the gastrointestinal secretions of patients. Additionally, 70% of patients also exhibited gastrointestinal disorders. How should we interpret the relationship between thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal diseases, and H. pylori? What are the specific causal mechanisms behind this connection? Further research is still needed. Recently, researchers have also discovered a strong link between iron deficiency anemia and H. pylori.

4. Cardiovascular System: Primary headaches, primary Raynaud's phenomenon, and anemia-related heart disease are all associated with H. pylori infection.

5. Immune Disorders: Antigenic substances derived from H. pylori have been identified in the serum of patients with subacute thyroiditis and Hashimoto's disease, indicating that H. pylori infection may be linked to these conditions.

6. Recent studies have revealed a close relationship between H. pylori and childhood growth retardation, diabetes, and skin conditions such as psoriasis and alopecia areata.

In summary, the discovery of H. pylori represents another major breakthrough since the establishment of microbial pathology by American physician George G. Hodgson in the 19th century. With further research into this discovery, we hope to find solutions to many previously unresolved medical challenges. Traditional Chinese Medicine believes that “the spleen and stomach are the root of all things,” and “where there is stomach qi, life exists; without stomach qi, death occurs,” emphasizing that the spleen and stomach are the source of human health. Since H. pylori, originating in the gastrointestinal tract, can cause so many systemic diseases, it shows that the theories developed in traditional Chinese medicine through practice possess scientific depth and should be continuously explored, adapted to modern times, and further developed to benefit both the past and the present. Concepts like “cultivating the earth to nurture gold,” “water fears earth,” and “liver wood overcomes earth” all reflect the pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic principles centered on the gastrointestinal system.

A Brief Discussion on Evidence-Based Medicine

In the 1970s, Dr. Cochran first proposed the concept and philosophy of evidence-based medicine, sparking resonance among renowned scholars worldwide. In the 1980s, international medical conferences held in Canada officially recognized the term “evidence-based medicine.” Evidence-based medicine (EBM) refers to the careful, accurate, and prudent application of the best available evidence from current research to formulate treatment plans for patients. Today, EBM has become a key focus in medical research globally. In 1999, 13 countries established the Cochrane Collaboration Network.

The implementation of EBM involves five key steps: identifying problems, gathering evidence, determining the best evidence, making decisions, and evaluating outcomes. These five steps can also be summarized in a single phrase: using the best evidence to create the optimal treatment plan. Achieving these goals requires a systematic effort—not a quick fix; the critical step is “gathering evidence,” which demands large-scale, comprehensive, multi-faceted, and multi-level data collection. Only in today’s era of computer networks and fully modernized information infrastructure is this possible. Throughout this process, clinicians must play a leading role—but as the primary actors in disease development, patients’ complaints are equally important. Therefore, starting with basic patient history taking and medical record-keeping, a complete set of standards aligned with EBM should be established as a fundamental system in hospital clinical practice. High-quality scientific evidence is the most basic requirement of EBM; in addition to evidence sourced from hospital medical records, clinical research reports from various regions, personal experiences, insights, and reflections should also be incorporated. The reliability and strength of these different sources of evidence typically vary, and they can generally be categorized into five levels: ① Summary reports from research centers across the country, totaling over 500 cases (randomized, double-blind, controlled); ② Research reports from medical institutions, ranging from 100 to 200 cases (randomized, double-blind, controlled); ③ Reports published jointly by departments or multiple researchers, with well-designed studies lacking randomization but focusing solely on pre- and post-treatment comparisons; ④ Personal summaries, well-designed but without control groups; ⑤ Expert opinions, insights, and experiences lacking reliable evidence. Among these five levels, grades 1–2 represent the gold standard, while grades 3–5 are considered lower standards. Of the 21 medical journals in China, 13 have been adopted by the World Health Organization, ranking 8–10th in international rankings—but the number of papers cited by EBM is far below this level. This indicates that while Chinese medical journals are working to increase the volume of publications, they must also focus on improving paper quality, starting with large-scale, multi-center, randomized, double-blind, controlled studies.

Systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of collected literature and data are equally crucial components of EBM. It is essential to fairly, objectively, and comprehensively integrate small samples from various regions and levels into larger datasets. Then, perform systematic reviews (SR) and meta-analyses (MA). SR involves rigorously evaluating literature and data using modern methods; MA involves statistical analysis of the literature and data after SR. According to statistics, over 25,000 biological journals participate in international internet platforms, publishing 2 million research articles annually. To stay updated on global biological trends, reading all of these papers would be nearly impossible for a biological researcher—but after SR and MA processing, the key points and core ideas of these 2 million articles become clear, allowing researchers to grasp the overall picture in a short amount of time.

The ultimate outcome of EBM is the conclusion regarding treatment efficacy—whether the study’s endpoint or alternative endpoint is achieved. Endpoint indicators include cure rates, mortality rates, disability rates, and more. To meet international EBM standards, domestic journals now require adherence to basic principles such as randomization, double-blind design, and control groups. Medical centers, institutions, and individual scientists must strictly follow SR and MA guidelines when handling data; only then can the results of research be included within the scope of EBM regulations. While China’s medical journals currently rank among the top in the world in terms of quantity and publication volume, the number of papers cited by foreign research institutions remains relatively low. This clearly shows that although Chinese medical research is aligning with international standards, it still lags behind. In the past decade, traditional Chinese medicine research has made significant progress; large research centers across the country have already demonstrated strong performance in randomized, double-blind, controlled studies, and have gradually aligned with Western medical research in SR and MA. However, traditional Chinese medicine’s purely empirical data still occupies the majority of its literature, significantly hindering the integration of TCM literature into EBM and impeding the advancement of TCM research. Addressing this issue is not an easy task—it requires starting with three key areas: TCM evidence standards, syndrome-specific treatment protocols, and efficacy criteria standards. To achieve these three standards, it is necessary to organically combine macroscopic dialectics with microscopic dialectics. This requires generations of effort to accomplish.

Thanks to the development of EBM and the introduction of large-scale, collaborative reviews internationally, remarkable achievements have been made in many fields—such as determining the reduction in coronary heart disease mortality through statin therapy, revising current hypertension standards, and redefining treatment guidelines for heart failure. The determination of hypertension standards and blood pressure targets is a prime example of EBM’s outstanding accomplishments. This project involved 26 countries, with 18,000 hypertensive patients participating over a five-year period. The results showed that lowering diastolic blood pressure from 14.0 kPa (105 mmHg) to 11.1 kPa (83 mmHg) reduced cardiovascular deaths in 1,000 hypertensive patients by 4 cases—equivalent to a 30% reduction in deaths—and also demonstrated that systolic blood pressure could be lowered to 18.5 kPa (139 mmHg). When diastolic blood pressure dropped to 11.1 kPa (83 mmHg), patients experienced benefits, minimizing cardiovascular risk. Given that the WHO revised previous hypertension standards, the new normal blood pressure range is <17.3/11.3 kPa (130/85 mmHg); values above this threshold are considered pre-hypertension or hypertension.

In the field of heart failure, EBM has also yielded substantial results. In the past, heart failure was primarily understood through cardiovascular dynamics—such as ventricular enlargement and reduced cardiac output—and treatment focused mainly on enhancing positive cardiac function and negative cardiac rhythm. However, large-scale EBM observations revealed that this type of treatment did not extend the lifespan of heart failure patients. Furthermore, it was discovered that the sympathetic neurotransmitter catecholamine plays a crucial role in quantifying heart failure. As a result, beta-blockers—long considered contraindicated for heart failure—were used in heart failure treatment and proved highly effective. In fact, beta-blockers such as bisoprolol and carvedilol significantly reduced the mortality rate from heart failure.

Zhigancao Tang for Coronary Heart Disease

According to the “Shanghan Lun,” “When the pulse is irregular and the heartbeat is rapid, Zhigancao Tang is prescribed.” This passage indicates that irregular pulses and rapid heartbeat are the primary symptoms of Zhigancao Tang. “Irregularity” refers to a slow, intermittent rhythm, while “delayed” means the pulse stops at a fixed interval—these patterns encompass modern medical conditions such as premature beats, second-degree atrioventricular blocks, and third-degree atrioventricular blocks. After 40 years of clinical experience, I’ve observed that patients exhibiting these pulse patterns often experience chest tightness and discomfort, followed by palpitations and shortness of breath. In an era where coronary heart disease is becoming increasingly common, I’ve noticed that arrhythmias are frequently seen in adult patients with coronary heart disease. Some patients initially do not meet the diagnostic criteria for coronary heart disease, yet after six months, they are ultimately diagnosed with coronary heart disease. I’ve found that similar patients often respond well to Zhigancao Tang combined with Guanxin No. 2. Case 1: Qi, a 58-year-old woman, had been diagnosed with coronary heart disease for many years. She frequently experienced chest pain, primarily in the left chest, radiating to her left back. She also suffered from palpitations and shortness of breath. An electrocardiogram revealed complete intra-cardiac conduction block, myocardial ischemia, frequent ventricular premature beats, irregular pulses, a red, dark tongue with bruising. Her heart qi was deficient, blood circulation was stagnant; the treatment should focus on replenishing qi, nourishing the heart, activating blood circulation, and resolving stasis. Thus, Zhigancao Tang combined with Guanxin No. 2 was prescribed: 10g of Gui Zhi, 10g of Dang Shen, 10g of A Jiao (processed), 10g of Mai Dong, 10g of Dang Gui, 12g of Sheng Di, 10g of Chi Shao, 6g of Hong Hua, 10g of Jiang Xiang, 10g of Dan Shen, 6g of Chuan Xiong, 10g of Huo Ma Ren, 6g of Sheng Jiang, 4 dates, 10g of Shui Zhi (to be taken in divided doses), 3g of Han San Qi (to be taken in divided doses). The herbs were decocted and taken as a single dose daily. After administering this formula for over 40 doses, all symptoms subsided, and the electrocardiogram returned to normal. Case 2: Wang, a 54-year-old woman, was diagnosed with coronary heart disease three years ago. Over the past three years, she experienced chest pain, palpitations, and shortness of breath, but no arrhythmias were observed. An electrocardiogram only showed myocardial ischemia, elevated blood lipids, and increased plasma viscosity and whole-blood viscosity beyond normal levels. Her pulse was tense and forceful, her tongue was red with little coating, and she had bruising. Her blood pressure was 21.3/12 kPa (160/90 mmHg), with yin deficiency and yang excess, blood stagnation, and a need to nourish yin, calm the liver, and activate blood circulation. Zhigancao Tang combined with Guanxin No. 2 was prescribed: 10g of Dang Shen, 10g of Gui Zhi, 10g of A Jiao (processed), 10g of Mai Dong, 12g of Sheng Di, 20g of Huo Ma Ren, 6g of Sheng Jiang, 4 dates, 30g of Gan Cao, 10g of Chi Shao, 10g of Chuan Xiong, 6g of Hong Hua, 6g of Jiang Xiang, 20g of Dan Shen, 30g of Hua Niu Xi, 15g each of Sheng Bai Shou and Sheng Gui Bo, 15g of Sheng Bai Shou, 15g of Sheng Gui Bo, 15g of Sheng He Shi, 10g of Shan Yao. The herbs were decocted and taken as a single dose daily. After 10 doses, her chest pain, palpitations, and shortness of breath all improved, and her blood pressure dropped to normal. She still felt some discomfort in her chest, especially shortness of breath, which worsened when walking or climbing stairs. She added Huo Ma Ren, Sheng Jiang, and 4 dates, along with 12g of Fu Ling, 10g of Xing Ren, 10g of Gua Wei, and 10g of Haibai, decocted and taken as a single dose daily. After 15 doses, all symptoms had subsided, and tests showed normal ranges for electrocardiogram, blood lipids, and blood viscosity. She increased the dosage tenfold, adding 30g of Han San Qi and 100g of Shui Zhi, ground into powder, sifted, and made into pills weighing 1 pill per dose, taken three times daily with warm water after meals. Three months later, she reported that she had not experienced chest pain or shortness of breath since starting the medication, though her blood pressure occasionally rose. She was now taking Xin Tong Ding sustained-release tablets, 20mg daily.

Both cases utilized Zhigancao Tang, a remedy traditionally known for treating arrhythmias—but it has rarely been reported for treating coronary heart disease. Based on my experience, this formula is absolutely reliable for treating coronary heart disease, offering unique advantages over Gualu Lianbai Banxia Tang. Combined with Tao Hong Si Wu and Guanxin No. 2, its effectiveness is even more pronounced. The heavy use of licorice in Zhigancao Tang is a defining characteristic of this formula; “The pain under the heart is sharp and full, the heart feels restless… Gansheng Tang is prescribed.” This passage suggests that licorice helps alleviate restlessness and discomfort in the heart. Modern experimental research has proven that glycyrrhizic acid in licorice possesses potent central nervous system sedative properties. Glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizic acid can rapidly reduce elevated blood lipids in experimental models of arteriosclerosis and even significantly diminish arterial hardening. Licorice is effective for treating gastric ulcers, liver diseases, cardiovascular ailments, endocrine disorders, prostatitis, and neurasthenia, and it can harmonize the effects of other herbs. Consequently, it is often found in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, where practitioners refer to it as “the elder statesman”—a fitting metaphor for licorice. The Mai Dong, Gui Zhi, and Sheng Di in Zhigancao Tang are the primary herbs used to treat coronary heart disease. Modern experimental research has shown that Sheng Di and Mai Dong have hypotensive, lipid-lowering, and arrhythmia-regulating effects, with the highest dosages in Zhigancao Tang. Gui Zhi has been shown in experimental studies to help raise blood pressure, embodying the traditional Chinese medicine principle of warming and unblocking heart yang. Thanks to these findings, Zhigancao Tang has laid the groundwork for treating coronary heart disease. When combined with Guanxin No. 2 (Chi Shao, Chuan Xiong, Hong Hua, Jiang Xiang, Dan Shen), it addresses both qi and blood, complementing each other perfectly. The use of Shui Zhi and Han San Qi—two herbs that break up blood stasis and promote blood flow—enhances the medicinal power of the formula, allowing blood stagnation to be cleared away, truly bringing the finishing touch to the treatment.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a common clinical condition, often occurring in children or young adults before the age of 18. There are three main types of epilepsy: congenital, traumatic brain injury, and primary epilepsy. Congenital epilepsy is caused by genetic chromosomal abnormalities, brain malformations, hydrocephalus, and other conditions. Traumatic brain injury epilepsy refers to sequelae resulting from head injuries. Primary epilepsy accounts for the majority of epilepsy cases and is the primary target for traditional Chinese medicine treatment—this is the focus of this article.

The primary clinical manifestation of primary epilepsy is brief loss of consciousness, followed by convulsions, dizziness, numbness in the limbs, tingling sensations, and other sensory abnormalities. These episodes can last for seconds or minutes, though severe cases may persist for hours. A small number of patients exhibit isolated localized seizures, characterized only by local motor and sensory disturbances, as well as autonomic and psychiatric symptoms such as facial twitching, eyelid tremors, abnormal sensations in the fingers and toes, or brief mental confusion. In infants and young children, unilateral eye movements are also common. Task output rules: Translate this markdown block from Chinese to English. Preserve markdown markers, links, and formatting. Keep headings and list structure unchanged. Return only the translated block.

Input: Slight, sucking, and smacking repetitive movements, as well as repeated movements of one side of the body, all fall under the category of epilepsy syndromes.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) examination is of certain significance in diagnosing primary epilepsy, but a single or two normal EEG results cannot completely rule out an epileptic diagnosis. Brain CT and MRI scans are highly significant in ruling out traumatic brain injuries, brain tumors, and congenital brain disorders. When diagnosing epilepsy, it is important to differentiate it from conditions such as fainting, migraines, hypoglycemia, and others—these conditions share the characteristic of not involving loss of consciousness, whereas most cases of epilepsy do involve loss of consciousness, though some patients without loss of consciousness are often misdiagnosed. Western medicine treats epilepsy with phenobarbital, phenytoin sodium, carbamazepine, ethosuximide, and diazepam, which are primarily symptomatic treatments with no root-cause cure. Traditional Chinese Medicine offers a rich and diverse range of therapies for treating epilepsy; although these methods may not fundamentally solve the problem of epilepsy treatment, consistent medication can lead to recovery for some patients, while many others experience relief. This applies specifically to primary epilepsy; however, epilepsy caused by congenital brain diseases or traumatic brain injuries requires separate consideration.

Traditional Chinese Medicine has a long history of understanding epilepsy. In the "Suwen," it is stated that "when the two Yin organs become tense, epilepsy occurs," referring to the two Yin organs—the Kidney in the feet and the Heart in the hands. The "Qianjin Fang" provides more detailed discussions on epilepsy, describing its symptoms as follows: "During an attack, the eyes and gaze are drawn together, the body becomes stiff and tense, accompanied by a bellowing sound like a sheep, and the condition resolves after a few moments." It also notes, "During an attack, the patient appears to be dead, experiences urinary incontinence, and recovers only when they lie down." These descriptions of epilepsy's clinical symptoms are remarkably vivid. In "Shishi Mulu," the author discusses the symptoms and treatments of epilepsy in great detail: "The signs of epilepsy often stem from Qi deficiency and phlegm accumulation—sometimes like a violent storm, suddenly collapsing, spitting white foam, and making sounds resembling those of cattle, sheep, or horses. If treatment is not appropriate, many patients die. I have now prepared a prescription called 'Qu Shang Ding Xian Tang.' It contains 3 qian of ginseng, 3 qian of Pinellia, 3 qian of Poria, 5 qian of Atractylodes macrocephala, 1 qian of Licorice, 1 qian of Aconite, 1 qian of Citrus Peel, and 1 qian of Acorus calamus. This formula is decocted in water and taken orally." Among the ingredients, Ginseng, Atractylodes Macrocephala, Poria, and Peony are potent herbs for strengthening the spleen and calming the liver; Citrus Peel, Pinellia, Licorice, and Aconite help eliminate phlegm and harmonize the middle burner. Remarkably, Aconite and Acorus Calamus help awaken the heart’s energy, guiding all the other herbs directly into the heart’s channels. According to "Shishi Mulu," "There are also cases of 'yang epilepsy,' where the patient suddenly collapses, makes sounds like a sheep or horse, and spits up phlegm as if it were surging. Such episodes arise from phlegm obstructing the heart’s channels, triggered by cold—this condition arises when the body is exposed to cold. For treatment, use 3 qian each of Ginseng, Pinellia, and Dioscorea, along with 1 qian of Atractylodes Macrocephala, 1 qian of Poria, 5 qian each of Poria and Coptis Chinensis, and 1 qian of Cinnamon and Aconite, then decoct in water and take." Chen Shiduo, the author of "Shishi Mulu," once treated a patient who had only taken one dose of this formula and never experienced another episode. He said he cherished this formula deeply. Chen Shiduo also developed another formula for treating similar conditions: 3 qian of Ginseng, 5 qian of Atractylodes Macrocephala, 3 qian of Citrus Peel, 3 qian of Raw Aconite, 1 qian each of Pinellia and Licorice, and 1 qian of Aconite, ground into powder, mixed with honey to form pills. These pills were taken before an attack, and the patient never experienced another episode. These examples demonstrate that ancient practitioners had already developed a comprehensive system for understanding epilepsy—from its causes and pathogenic mechanisms to its treatment principles and medicinal formulas. Chen Shiduo’s approach to etiology and pathogenesis focused on “deficiency” and “phlegm,” leading to the saying, “Without deficiency, there is no epilepsy; without phlegm, there is no epilepsy.” In terms of treatment, he recommended using Ginseng, Atractylodes Macrocephala, Licorice, and Poria (the Four Gentlemen Decoction) to tonify the spleen and stomach; Pinellia, Citrus Peel, Poria, and Licorice (the Two-Chen Decoction) to strengthen the spleen and eliminate phlegm; Cinnamon and Aconite to warm and tonify the kidneys, with the same goal of replenishing deficiency. Pinellia and Aconite, along with Poria and Licorice, work synergistically to remove dampness and clear phlegm. This formula fully embodies the true essence of tonifying deficiency and eliminating phlegm.

Phlegm is the fundamental pathogenic mechanism of epilepsy—where does phlegm originate? It originates from the spleen and the kidneys. The lungs store phlegm, while the spleen is the source of phlegm formation. Phlegm is dampness, water—and at its root lies in the kidneys, which is why it is said, “The kidneys are the origin of phlegm.” In his clinical practice, Chen Shiduo used the above formula to treat epilepsy, which proved effective for mild cases—but was unable to fully address severe cases. Over more than 40 years of clinical practice, he tirelessly sought effective treatments for epilepsy. Now, he shares his immature experiences below, hoping readers will try them in their own clinical settings. Should there be any shortcomings, we welcome criticism and suggestions from fellow practitioners.

1. Pei’s Anti-Epilepsy Granules: 6g of Pinellia, 6g of Pinellia, 3g of Agarwood, 10g each of Black and White Aconite, 20g of Hard Stone, 10g of Floating Stone, 50g of Iron Rust, 20g of Cornmeal, 20g each of Raw Dragon and Raw Oyster Shell, decocted three times with water, collecting the herbal liquid. Then, concentrate the decoction, adding 40g of Fried Dioscorea Powder and an appropriate amount of sugar to the extract, forming four packets of granules—each packet containing 2 doses, taken twice daily, 1 packet each time, diluted with warm water. This formula is suitable for patients with occasional minor seizures, whose conditions are not severe and who recover within a few seconds. Regularly taking this formula over time can be beneficial for those with a naturally weak stomach.

2. Pei’s Anti-Epilepsy Pills: 10g of Angelica Sinensis, 6g of Fritillaria Cirrhosa, 10g of Red Peony, 100g of Rehmannia Root, 100g of Peach Kernel, 60g of Saffron, 60g of Ginger Worm, 60g of Whole Scorpion, 10 Centipedes, 100g of Gastrodia, 300g of Uncaria Rhynchophylla, 100g of Acorus Calamus, 10g of White Pepper, all ground into powder, mixed with honey to form pills weighing 6g each. Take 2 pills twice daily, 1–2 pills each time, diluted with warm water. This formula is suitable for patients experiencing frequent, severe seizures; those with weak constitutions can also take it by dissolving it in a decoction of jujubes, and with long-term use, noticeable improvements can be seen.

3. Pei’s Anti-Epilepsy Capsules: 10g of Owl Brain Marrow, 20g of Alum, 60g of Curcuma Longa, 60g of Ginger Slice, 60g of Whole Scorpion, 10 Centipedes—ground into powder and packed into capsules (0.5 grams per capsule). Take 1–3 capsules twice daily, 1–3 capsules each time, diluted with warm water. This formula is suitable for patients experiencing severe seizures, those with mental confusion, or those with unstable minds.

4. Fuzhong Anti-Epilepsy Soup: 10g of Codonopsis Pilosula, 10g of Atractylodes Macrocephala, 10g of Poria, 6g of Pinellia, 6g of Licorice, 20g of Fresh Job’s Tears, 3g of Cinnamon, 6g of Aconite, 3g of Wood Odor, 6g of Cardamom, 100g of Raw Iron Oxide (decocted first), decocted in water and taken daily. This soup is suitable for patients with weakness and excessive phlegm due to epilepsy, and can be combined with the aforementioned granules, pills, or capsules.

5. Raw Iron Oxide Drink: 15g of Asparagus, 15g of Lily Bulb, 15g of Codonopsis Pilosula, 15g of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, 15g of North Sandwort, 15g of Radix Rehmanniae, 6g of Curcuma Longa, 6g of Fritillaria Cirrhosa, 15g of Raw Hematite, 6g of Pinellia, 15g of Citrus Peel, 15g of Poria, 15g of Polygona, 100g of Raw Iron Oxide (decocted first), decocted in water and taken daily. This formula is suitable for patients experiencing mental seizures and accompanying psychiatric symptoms—such as irritability, insomnia, palpitations, and restlessness. This formula is based on the classic prescription of Chen Zhongling, originally from "Yi Xue Xin Wu."

6. Compound Chaihu Wen Dan Tang: 10g of Chaihu, 10g of Huangqin, 6g of Pinellia, 6g of Licorice, 10g of Gui Zhi, 10g of Baishao, 6g of Curcuma Longa, 10g of Zhishi, 6g of Zhu Ru, 6g of Chen Pi, 10g of Poria, 6g of Yuan Zhi, 5g of Roasted Jujube Seed, 6g of Aconite, 6g of Dried Ginger, decocted in water and taken daily. This formula is used for patients with weakness and frequent colds, who experience epileptic seizures whenever they catch a cold.

7. Compound Zishen Tablets: 10g of Zishen, 10g of Wubai Zi, 10g of Xuyu Zi, 6g of Daxi, 3g of Yaohuang, 3g of Shashi, 6g of Musk, 30g of Koushan, ground into powder and made into tablets, 0.3g per tablet, taken three times daily, 2 tablets each time, diluted with warm water. Originally named "Zijin Ding," this formula was popular in traditional Chinese medicine as an emergency remedy, commonly used to treat boils, abscesses, and lymphadenitis; it could also be used for food poisoning, acute dysentery, or acute gastric spasms. The author found that this formula was effective in treating severe epileptic seizures.

In summary, traditional Chinese medicine treatment of epilepsy primarily focuses on primary epilepsy—conditions that traditional Chinese medicine can handle effectively on its own. For epilepsy caused by brain diseases or traumatic brain injuries, a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine is necessary. Among the above formulas, four preparations can be selected based on the patient’s condition for regular use. Three decoctions can be taken intermittently depending on the severity of the condition. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of epilepsy is a long-term, systematic process that requires cooperation between doctors and patients through continuous medication. The fundamental principle of TCM treatment is to strengthen the body’s vital energy and consolidate its foundation, while simultaneously dispelling wind and calming the spirit. The former helps regulate the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system, promoting greater harmony and alleviating the physiological basis of epileptic seizures; the latter focuses on symptomatic treatment to relieve clinical manifestations of epilepsy. Together, these approaches create a holistic strategy for managing and curing epilepsy.

Medical Case Section

There are 30 medical cases, comprising 87 instances, all of which involved difficult-to-treat or rare diseases. These cases adhered to the clinical sixteen-character principle proposed by the author early in his career: "Western diagnosis, TCM differentiation, traditional Chinese medicine as the mainstay, Western medicine as a supplement." The focus was on seeking truth from facts and ensuring reliable therapeutic outcomes.

Healing of Esophageal Cancer: 2 Cases

Case 1: In the autumn of 1984 (Jiazi year), a 50-year-old male patient named Xu presented with abdominal distension and difficulty swallowing for over a month. After undergoing a complete meal and gastroscopy, he was diagnosed with mid-esophageal adenocarcinoma. Given his financial difficulties, he requested to take traditional Chinese medicine and recuperate at home. Upon examination, his tongue was red with a thick, greasy yellow coating, his pulse was weak in the Cun meridian, and his pulse in the Chi meridian was tense. The formula used was Liu Wei Di Huang He Ban Xia Xie Xin: 12g of Rehmannia Root, 10g of Cornus Fruit, 10g of Dioscorea, 6g of Cortex Phellodendri, 10g of Poria, 10g of Alisma, 6g of Coptis Chinensis, 10g of Scutellaria Baicalensis, 6g of Pinellia, 6g of Dry Ginger, 15g of Codonopsis Pilosula, 10g of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, 3g of Cardamom, 3g of Cardamom, 30g of Astragalus, 3g of Prepared Milkweed, 6g of Bitter Melon, 6g of Amomum Villosum, 15g of Houttuynia Cordata, 100g of Raw Iron Oxide (decocted first), decocted in water and taken daily. In the spring of 1997 (Dingchou year), the patient returned for a follow-up visit, stating that he had consistently taken the above formula for over 300 doses, with remarkable effects. He reported no symptoms whatsoever now, and his complexion was rosy, his physical condition was robust, with no difficulty swallowing or abdominal discomfort. A barium swallow showed no positive findings, and a gastroscopy revealed no abnormalities in the mid-esophagus—only chronic superficial and atrophic gastritis. The healing of this case was truly miraculous. The patient even added thicker paper to the original formula, which had worn out over time, leaving faded and indistinct characters on the paper. When asked why he had been able to stick with the medication for so many years, he replied that after taking the medicine for just over 10 doses, he noticed that his appetite improved slightly. Since there was no other option, he simply continued taking the medicine. After one year, his condition had significantly improved, and his confidence grew, allowing him to continue taking the medication until today.

Analysis: The above formula was a combination of Liu Wei Di Huang Tang, Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang, Ban Xia Hou Pu Tang, and Tu Li Tou Su San. Liu Wei Di Huang Tang strengthens the body’s vital energy and consolidates the foundation, while Ban Xia Xie Xin and Ban Xia Hou Pu Tang clear heat and dry dampness, promote qi circulation, and open the middle burner. Tu Li Tou Su San softens hard masses, promotes blood circulation, and supports the body’s vital energy while dispersing stagnation. Together, these formulas worked synergistically to treat cancer, and after long-term, consistent use, they achieved remarkable results.

Case 2: In February 2000 (Gengchen year), a 56-year-old male patient named Zhang presented with difficulty swallowing for over 3 months, accompanied by abdominal distension and fullness. However, a gastroscopy and endoscopy confirmed esophageal upper segment squamous cell carcinoma, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and positive Helicobacter pylori. He had previously undergone 20 radiation treatments, totaling 6000 cGy. His swallowing had improved somewhat compared to before, but he could only consume milk and tea. His abdominal distension had worsened, and he sought treatment from us. His tongue was red with a thick, greasy yellow coating, and his pulse was deep, tense, and rapid. In addition to the above symptoms, he also experienced constipation and dark, painful urination. The formula used was Da Cheng Qi Tang combined with San Huang Xie Xin Tang and Qidi San with modifications: 10g of Rheum Rhabarbarum, 3g of Coptis Chinensis, 10g of Astragalus, 10g of Fructus Aurantii, 10g of Poria, 10g of Poria, 6g of Curcuma Longa, 10g of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, 10g of Cortex Phellodendri, 10g of Cardamom, 10g of Semen Isatis, 20g of Sesame Seeds, 10g of Lotus Leaf Stems, decocted in water and taken daily. After 10 doses, his swallowing became noticeably smoother, he was able to eat noodles, chew bread and biscuits, his bowel movements were regular, his urination became clearer, his abdominal distension had significantly improved, and the thick, greasy yellow coating on his tongue had thinned compared to before. The formula was modified by removing the magnesium sulfate, adding 12g of Rehmannia Root, 10g of Cornus Fruit, 10g of Dioscorea, 10g of Alisma, decocted in water and taken daily. After 10 doses, his symptoms further improved—his abdominal distension disappeared, his tongue was red, his coating thin and yellow, with a slight greasiness. The formula was again modified with Liu Wei Di Huang Tang, San Huang Xie Xin Tang, Salvia Miltiorrhiza Tea, and Qidi San: 6g of Rheum Rhabarbarum, 3g of Coptis Chinensis, 10g of Astragalus, 6g of Dry Ginger, 6g of Pinellia, 10g of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, 6g of Cardamom, 6g of Sesame Seeds, 12g of Rehmannia Root, 10g of Cornus Fruit, 10g of Dioscorea, 10g of Cortex Phellodendri, 10g of Alisma, 10g of Curcuma Longa, 10g of Lotus Leaf Stems, 20g of Rice, decocted in water and taken daily, and continued for a long period. In March 2001 (Xin Si year), the patient returned for a follow-up visit, stating that after taking the above formula for over 90 doses, all symptoms had completely resolved. A local gastroscopy and endoscopy showed no abnormalities. He was instructed to continue taking the formula for 10 doses, crushing the pills into powder, mixing them with honey to form pills, 6 pills each time, taken three times daily, 1 pill each time, diluted with warm water after meals to support long-term treatment.

Analysis: The healing of this case was also remarkable—San Huang and Cheng Qi were both symptomatic treatments, while Liu Wei Di Huang Tang, Six Ingredients, Qidi San, San Huang Xie Xin Tang, Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang, and Salvia Miltiorrhiza Tea were all used to treat the root cause. Based on the effectiveness of radiotherapy, the use of traditional Chinese medicine achieved therapeutic outcomes that were beyond what radiotherapy alone could achieve. Although this case was ultimately cured, it had only been treated for a little over a year, so continued observation of long-term efficacy was warranted.

Over more than 40 years of medical practice, I have treated hundreds of patients with esophageal cancer—some took traditional Chinese medicine before and after surgery, some took it alongside chemotherapy or radiotherapy, while others relied solely on traditional Chinese medicine. Many patients in rural areas faced economic hardships, yet traditional Chinese medicine still played a role in their treatment. Although traditional Chinese medicine is based on syndrome differentiation and individualized prescriptions, the formulas used often included Ban Xia Hou Pu Tang, Liu Wei Di Huang Tang, Qidi San, San Huang Xie Xin Tang, Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang, and Salvia Miltiorrhiza Tea. For the vast majority of cases, traditional Chinese medicine provided varying degrees of therapeutic benefits, especially in extending survival rates for surgical patients and reducing side effects during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The two cases mentioned above were among the best examples of traditional Chinese medicine’s efficacy in treating epilepsy, and I am sharing them here to benefit others.

Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer: 2 Cases

Case 1: A 56-year-old male patient named Zhang came for treatment in January 1996 with complaints of “pain in the liver region for 3 months, accompanied by abdominal distension and poor appetite.” Physical examination revealed a gaunt physique, mild jaundice of the skin and sclera, no cardiac or pulmonary abnormalities, a slightly distended abdomen, a liver size 4 cm below the xiphoid process, firm in texture, with an uneven surface, ascites (+), a spleen not palpable below the rib cage, a pale red tongue with a yellowish greasy coating, a tense, fine pulse. Ultrasound imaging showed a mass measuring 5.0 cm × 4.2 cm in the left lobe of the liver, likely indicative of liver cancer. Liver function tests revealed total bilirubin levels of 18 µmol/L, a phenol turbidity test of 6 u, alanine aminotransferase levels of 45 u, total protein levels of 59 g/L, with a white-to-globulin ratio of 1.2:1. Alpha-fetoprotein levels were 400 mg/10. Western medical diagnosis: primary liver cancer. TCM diagnosis: Liver Qi stagnation, Liver Wood controlling Earth; treatment aimed to soothe the liver and strengthen the spleen. The formula used was Chai Hu Shu Gan San with modifications: 10g of Chai Hu, 10g of Baishao, 10g of Zhishi, 6g of Licorice, 6g of Chuanxiong, 6g of Xiangfu, 6g of Qingchenpi, 30g of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, 10g of Astragalus, 10g of Yuanhu, 15g of Chuanlianzi, 10g of Seaweed, 10g of Kelp, 10g of Turtle Shell, 3g of Cardamom, decocted in water and taken daily, divided into several doses. After 14 doses, his appetite and abdominal discomfort had eased. However, he still felt pain in the liver region, so the formula was adjusted by removing Cardamom, Cardamom, Turtle Shell, and Turtle Carapace, adding 10g of Sanleng, 10g of Euphorbia, 10g of Turmeric, and 3g of Prepared Milkweed. After another 20 doses, his liver pain had subsided, though he still experienced abdominal discomfort and liver distension. His overall condition remained mildly jaundiced, his tongue was pale red, his coating was yellowish greasy, and his pulse was tense. The formula was further modified by removing Turmeric and Prepared Milkweed, adding 30g of Fresh Job’s Tears and 10g of Chicken Gizzard, and after 20 doses, ultrasound imaging showed a mass measuring 3.0 cm × 2.4 cm in the left lobe of the liver—smaller than before—and liver function tests had returned to normal.

Case 2: A 48-year-old male patient named Wang came for treatment in October 1995 with complaints of “liver pain for 1 month, accompanied by abdominal distension.” Physical examination revealed no jaundice of the skin or mucous membranes, no cardiac or pulmonary abnormalities, a liver size 5 cm below the xiphoid process, firm in texture, no ascites, and no palpable spleen. His tongue was purplish-dark with small blood spots, his coating was thin and yellow, and his pulse was tense. CT scan showed a mass measuring 6.0 cm × 5.0 cm in the left lobe of the liver, suspected to be liver cancer. Liver function tests revealed total bilirubin levels of 15 µmol/L, a phenol turbidity test of 4 u, alanine aminotransferase levels of 82 u, and alpha-fetoprotein levels exceeding 400 mg/10. Western medical diagnosis: primary liver cancer. TCM diagnosis: Liver Qi stagnation, blood stasis in the liver, treated with soothing the liver, regulating Qi, and activating blood circulation to resolve stasis. The formula used was Chai Hu Shu Gan San with modifications: 10g of Chai Hu, 10g of Baishao, 15g of Zhishi, 6g of Licorice, 6g of Xiangfu, 6g of Chuanxiong, 10g of Sanleng, 10g of Euphorbia, 10g of Seaweed, 3g of Prepared Milkweed, 30g of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, 30g of Astragalus, 10g of Turtle Shell, 6g of Turtle Carapace, decocted in water and taken daily, divided into several doses. After 20 doses, his abdominal distension had lessened, his liver pain had slightly improved, and liver examination showed no significant changes. The formula was modified to include Lanzhou Formula with additions: 12g of Rehmannia Root, 10g of Dioscorea, 10g of Cornus Fruit, 12g of Poria, 10g of Alisma, 10g of Cortex Phellodendri, 15g of Ginseng Roots, 15g of Partya Ginseng, 15g of North Sandwort, 15g of Codonopsis Pilosula, 10g of Five-Flavor Berry, 30g of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, 30g of Astragalus, 10g of Angelica Sinensis, 10g of Baishao, decocted in water and taken twice daily, combined with Western medicine 5-Fu, 500mg administered intravenously once daily for 5 days, followed by 9 days off before resuming for another 5 days, for a total of 5g of 5-Fu, 200ml of saline plus 3g of Vanguard V, intravenously once daily, 500ml of 10% glucose solution plus 200mg of Vitamin C, 0.2g of Vitamin B6, 10ml of 10% Potassium Chloride Solution, 8u of Insulin, intravenously once weekly. After 21 days of treatment, his liver pain had significantly eased; liver examination showed a reduction in liver size by 2 cm, with a softer texture, but he still experienced fatigue and poor appetite. Therefore, the formula was modified again to include Chai Hu Shu Gan San with adjustments. The formula was: 10g of Chai Hu, 10g of Baishao, 10g of Zhishi, 6g of Licorice, 30g of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, 30g of Astragalus, 3g of Cardamom, 10g of Angelica Sinensis, 10g of Seaweed, 10g of Kelp, 10g of Turtle Shell, 10g of Turtle Carapace, 6g of Qingchenpi, decocted in water and taken daily, divided into several doses. After another 20 days of treatment, his diet and mental state improved, and a CT scan upon discharge indicated that the liver mass had shrunk to 2.0 cm × 1.5 cm, and liver function tests had returned to normal. He continued to receive traditional Chinese medicine for conditioning treatment, and has survived to this day.

Treatment of Acute Monocytic Leukemia: 1 Case

Ma Changsheng, a 17-year-old soldier, hospital number 2346. His chief complaint was dizziness and fatigue for 3 months, accompanied by a few small bleeding spots on his skin. As these spots increased, he also experienced nasal worms and bloody stools. Local hospitals initially diagnosed him with "aplastic anemia" and transferred him to a certain hospital on February 1, 1967. A bone marrow aspiration confirmed the diagnosis of "acute monocytic leukemia." He spent over 50 days in the hospital, receiving more than 10 blood transfusions totaling 3000 ml, and taking hormones and 6-MP medications; however, his condition continued to deteriorate, so he was transferred to our hospital on March 15 of the same year.

Past medical history: Good health, having recovered from "typhoid fever" in the past. No history of exposure to radiation or toxic substances.

Physical examination: Body temperature 38.5°C, pulse 112 beats per minute, blood pressure 12.126.7 kPa (90/50 mmHg). Development was adequate, nutrition was poor, but his mental status was clear. His complexion was pale, with a sharp appearance, and scattered bleeding spots of varying sizes were visible on his skin and mucous membranes—bleeding spots did not fade when pressed. There were two bleeding spots measuring 4 cm × 6 cm and 7 cm × 4 cm on his buttocks and the outer sides of his calves. No jaundice was observed in his sclera. Task output rules: Translate this markdown block from Chinese to English. Preserve markdown markers, links, and formatting. Keep headings and list structure unchanged. Return only the translated block.

Input: 咽部充血，扁桃体不肿大。颈部柔软，未见畸形。胸廓对称胸骨压痛

明显，两肺呼吸音粗糙，未闻及干湿啰音。心界不大，心律齐。P2>A2,

心尖区可闻及Ⅲ级收缩期吹风样杂音。腹胀，中腹部有压痛，肝脾未

触及。四肢未见异常。病理反射阴性。

化验检查：血象：红细胞90万/㎜³，血色素19.2%，血小板10 000/

㎜³，白细胞1200/㎜³，中性18%、淋巴72%、单核10%，网织红细胞

0.1%，出血时间5ˊ20",凝血时间24秒。尿、粪常规均正常。骨髓穿刺

涂片检查：标本号L-802，骨髓增生明显活跃，粒：红=3.1：1，白：红=

27.6：1，白细胞系统显著增生，主要细胞类型为单核细胞，其中原始

单核细胞5.0%，幼稚单核细胞69.5%，成熟单核细胞6.0%，共计

80.5%。各阶段幼红细胞共计3.5%，成熟红细胞形态基本正常，部分

红细胞血红蛋白充填欠佳。未见巨核细胞。诊断意见：急性单核细胞

白血病(非白血病型)。

治疗经过：患者于1967年3月15日入院。即予青霉素、链霉素肌

注，口服维生素B1、维生素C、强的松。同时着重采用中医辨证施治，

时见壮热烦渴，骨蒸汗出，遍身血斑，吐、蝴、便血，舌红少苔，脉细而

数。显系气阴两亏，血热妄行之证。法宜益气养阴、清热降火、固表止

汗、凉血止血。遂以Ⅰ号方^①^煎服，每日1剂。8剂后一般情况稍有改善，

发热、汗出、口渴均较前减轻，出血症状亦较前好转（其间输血2次，共

600ml）。4月5日复诊，证见夜热早凉，骨蒸盗汗，吐、衄、便等全身出血

症状较前稍减轻。舌红少苔，脉仍细数。证乃余热未清、气阴两亏。气

虚不能统血，阴虚不能制火。法宜大补气阴，清热除蒸，佐以凉血止

血，固表止汗之剂。遂用Ⅱ号方^②^水煎服，每日1剂。共服10剂后，患者

体温下降至正常，鼻衄停止，全身血斑及岀血点渐呈干涸。一般情况

亦逐日好转，并可在床下作轻微活动（其间亦输血2次，计600ml）。4月

20日复诊，证见颜面苍白，少气乏力，心悸气短，夜寐不安，头晕目

眩，骨蒸自汗。舌质红，少苔，脉仍细数。此系气阴亏损，表里两虚，血不

安神，浮阳外越之证，法当大补气阴，重镇安神，佐以固表止汗之剂。

方用Ⅲ号方^③^水煎服，每日1剂。连服40余剂患者一般情况明显好转。

出血止、斑疹消，颜面稍稍转红，乏力、自汗、心悸、气短、夜寐不安等

症状均有一定程度的减轻（其间输血3次，共计800ml）。1967年6月25

日，继续以大补气阴之法改用Ⅳ号方^④^煎汁收膏，日服2次，每次

15.0g，开水冲服，共服3料，历时5月余，至1967年11月，患者体力增

加，颜面红润，食欲可，精神佳，发热、骨蒸、口渴、多汗诸证均初步控

制，只是偶有头晕、目眩、心悸。患者尚能从事轻微劳动（其间先后输

血5次，共计1200ml，西药仅使用维生素及强地松）。血色素持续维持

在50%以上。于11月10号作骨髓涂片赴兰州医学院复查，并嘱其在兰

期间，每日坚持服Ⅲ号方，1968年1月17日接该院内科张主任函云：

"患者之骨髓象属急性单核细胞白血病缓解期变化，除单核细胞各

阶段尚有轻微异常外，其他各系统均恢复正常。1968年1月13日患者

返家继续服用中药。笔者于1月20日应邀赴患者家中诊视，见患者仍

有颜面胱白，伴乏力自汗，心悸气短，偶有牙龈出血及鼻衄，脉沉细，

舌胖淡，给Ⅳ号方配膏1料，白开水冲服（服法同上）。1968年3月9日，

患者以感冒2天，胸闷咳嗽之主诉，二次入我院（住院号3102），体温

39.2℃，胸闷咳嗽，痰中带少量血丝，前胸后背可见少量出血点，咽微

红，扁桃腺不大，两肺呼吸音粗、未闻及啰音。胸骨有压痛，肝脾未触

及，四肢未见异常，病理反射阴性。血象：红细胞345万/㎜³，血色素

52%，白细胞3400/㎜³，中性56%、淋巴40%、单核4%。诊断：①急性

单核细胞白血病（缓解），②上感。入院后即给青霉素40万单位，链霉

素0.5g，维生素B20mg，维生素C 100mg，强地松20mg，咳必清2片。中

医检查：证见壮热无汗，喘息不宁，头疼恶寒，舌红少苔，脉濡细。此系

风寒犯表，热蕴肺经，气阴两虚之证。法当解表清里，益气养阴。投以

V号方^⑤^水煎服，每日1剂。服4剂后，一般情况好转，体温降至37.5℃，

咳嗽止，痰呈泡沫状，未见血丝。3月15日起改用Ⅲ号方服40余剂，患

者除时有头晕、心悸外，其他症状完全消失，于1968年5月18日出院。

出院后在家继续服Ⅲ号方达60余剂，身体恢复健康，于1968年7月重

返工作岗位。

1973年春，笔者随访了患者，时患者在金塔县农建三团任班长，

精力充沛。当时（1973年3月24日）血象：红细胞420万/㎜³。血色素

82%，血小板20万/㎜³，白细胞5600/mm，中性65%、淋巴33%、单核

2%。当时（1973年3月26日）骨髓象：骨髓增生活跃，白：红=1.96：1，粒细

胞系统中幼粒至带状核阶段比例稍低，幼稚单核细胞及单核细胞比

较偏高供17.8%，其中幼稚单核为3.8%），淋巴系统基本正常，红细胞

系统基本正常，全片见成熟巨核细胞3个，无血小板形成征象，成熟

红细胞形态如常，血红蛋白充填良好。两次住院血象变化情况见表

1、表2。

表1

+:---------:+:----------:+:------------:+:--------:+:----:+:----:+:----:+:--------:+ Date | Red Blood Cells | Hemoglobin (％) | White Blood Cells | Cell Type (％) | Platelets | | | | | | | (10⁴/㎜³) | | (10⁴/㎜³) | | | (10⁴/㎜³) | | | +------+------+------+ | | | | Neutrophils | Lymphocytes | Monocytes 1967.3.15 | 90 | 19.2 | 1200 | 18 | 82 | | 10 000 4.5 | 120 | 25 | 1750 | 20 | 72 | 8 | 4.22 | 200 | 32 | 2100 | 20 | 70 | 10 | 5.2 | 240 | 40 | 2120 | 38 | 58 | 6 | 25 000 8.4 | 320 | 62 | 3450 | | | | 62 000 11.2 | 360 | 61.5 | 3250 | 49 | 48 | 3 | 表2

+:--------:+:----------:+:-----------:+:--------:+:----:+:----:+:----:+:--------:+ Date | Red Blood Cells | Hemoglobin (％) | White Blood Cells | Cell Type (％) | Platelets | | | | | | | (10⁴/㎜³) | | (10⁴/㎜³) | | | (10⁴/㎜³) | | | +------+------+------+ | | | | Neutrophils | Lymphocytes | Monocytes 1968.3.9 | 345 | 52 | 3400 | 60 | 40 | | 4.9 | 420 | 67 | 4100 | 62 | 30 | 8 |