V. Conclusion

With the advancement of immunological research, this disease is increasingly considered closely related to immune responses. Many experiments have shown that the immune function of leukemia patients is lower than that of ordinary people, which is an important factor in the formation of the disease. From a Traditional Chinese Medicine perspective, discussions similar to leukemia are often scattered across syndromes such as xulao, laozhai, xuezheng, and wenbing. “Ling Shu · Hai Lun”: “Insufficient marrow sea leads to brain turning and tinnitus, leg soreness and dizziness, blurred vision, lethargy and restlessness,” “Jin Gui Yao Lue · Xulao Chapter”: “For men, pale complexion indicates thirst and blood loss, sudden shortness of breath and palpitations, floating pulse indicates internal deficiency”; “Ming Yi Za Zhu”: “Men around twenty years old, if they damage their essence and blood, will inevitably develop diseases caused by yin deficiency and fire excess. Night sweats, afternoon fever, frequent coughing, fatigue and weakness, poor appetite, sometimes even bloody sputum, hemoptysis, vomiting blood, or nosebleeds, accompanied by high fever and rapid pulse, muscle wasting—this is called laozhai, the most difficult to treat.” From the above similar leukemia syndromes, it can be seen that this disease should be regarded as primarily “deficient.” Taibo did not recognize: “Overall, leukemia is a deficiency syndrome. Although it may sometimes be infected by external evils, it should not be viewed as a typical real syndrome or exogenous syndrome.” O, Yan Dexin also believed: “This disease is deficient, although sometimes there are signs of phlegm heat, warm heat, or blood stasis, but the situation changes very quickly. In fact, it is caused by deficiency, a syndrome of deficiency with manifest excess.” GD. The above understanding is consistent with the Western medical view that immune deficiency leads to disease. According to the argument that “kidneys govern bones” and “kidneys produce bone marrow,” this disease should be related to kidney deficiency; according to the argument that “the middle jiao transforms qi into juice, which is called blood,” this disease should be related to the spleen. In recent years, many regions have adopted spleen-and-kidney tonification methods to treat this disease, with increasing success. Gu et al. used a combination of Buzhong Yiqi Tang for strengthening the spleen and Jianbu Hu Qian Wan for strengthening the kidneys to treat a case of subacute granulocytic leukemia with good results②. The Wujin County People’s Hospital used a method of tonifying the kidneys and nourishing blood, combined with cinnamon to guide fire back to its source, to treat a case of acute granulocytic leukemia, achieving basic improvement in blood and bone marrow images@. The author admitted a case of acute monocytic leukemia in 1967, and after adopting spleen-and-kidney tonification, with heavy use of ginseng for qi-tonifying and cornelian cherry for yin-nourishing, taking over 400 doses of medicine, achieved complete remission and has remained healthy for twelve years0. The Pediatric Department of the Chaoyang People’s Hospital in Liaoning Province, through integrated Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment of 18 cases of acute leukemia, believed that this disease is generally a deficiency syndrome, and the main treatment direction should be “Fu Zheng” combined with “Qu Xie.” Traditional Chinese medicine’s Fu Zheng can ensure the continued application of chemotherapy and increase the body’s resistance④. The Hematology Group of the Internal Medicine Department of the Xiyuan Hospital of the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine treated two cases of red and white leukemia, always prioritizing Fu Zheng and achieving good results. In the treatment process, great attention was paid to the importance of spleen-and-kidney tonification, and it was believed that this method has three effects: 1) alleviating the condition, 2) prolonging the course of the disease, and 3) reducing the side effects of chemotherapy. From the above information, it can be seen that spleen-and-kidney tonification is indeed an effective treatment for this disease. Leukemia has been proven to be caused by a tumor virus, which invades the body, and its own RNA, through reverse transcriptase, replicates DNA and inserts it into host cells, causing those cells to undergo carcinogenic mutations. The normal human body has an immune surveillance system primarily composed of T cells, which can reduce or prevent such mutations—this is an abnormal immune response primarily driven by specific cellular immunity. Kidney-tonifying therapy aims to improve this kind of abnormal immune response, while spleen-tonifying therapy, from the perspective of regulating non-specific immunity, achieves the effect of promoting specific immunity.

V. Conclusion

This article discusses the relationship between Fu Zheng Pei Ben and immunity, analyzing existing data and concluding that: 1) Fu Zheng Pei Ben therapy can enhance the body’s immune efficiency and improve immune responses. 2) Traditional Chinese Medicine’s concepts of middle qi and defensive qi bear similarities to modern immunology’s non-specific immunity, while kidney qi bears similarities to specific immunity. 3) Specific immunity and non-specific immunity mutually promote each other to jointly accomplish the body’s immune function; similarly, middle qi and kidney qi also mutually promote each other to jointly form the body’s righteous qi. 4) There are reports in domestic literature that Astragalus membranaceus can improve specific immune indicators, but further research is needed to determine whether this drug directly acts on the specific immune mechanism or promotes the specific immune mechanism by acting on the non-specific immune link⑤. Further discussion is required.

Li Reference Materials ①Shen Ziyin: “Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine” 1962 · (11):19. ②Liu Yaguang: “Tianjin Pharmaceutical Journal” 1978 · (2):80. ③Tumor Research Group of the Chinese Medicine Research Institute: “Selected Works on Tumor Prevention and Treatment” 1977 · (6):6. ④Isotope Laboratory of the Beijing Tuberculosis Research Institute: “New Journal of Medicine” 1974 · (8):15.

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⑤Tumor Research Group of the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Selected Studies on Tumor Prevention and Treatment," 1977 · (6):7. ⑥Jiang Tingliang: "Journal of Laiyang New Medical University," 1977 · (8):78, ⑦Basic Laboratory of Guang'anmen Hospital, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Selected Studies on Tumor Prevention and Treatment," 1977 · (6):17. ⑧Wu Jianguang: "Min Dong Medicine," 1976 · (3):41. ⑨Wu Jianguang: "Min Dong Medicine," 1976 · (3):44. ⑩New Medical Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College: "Journal of New Pharmacology," 1974 · (12):12. ①Qiguanitis Office of the Henan Health Bureau: "Discussion on the Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Chronic Tracheitis," internal material, 1975. ⑫Liu Zhengcai: "Zhejiang Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1977 · (4):14. ③Normal Human Anatomy Teaching and Research Group of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Journal of New Pharmacology," 1977 · (9):36. ⑩"Special Issue on Oncology Research in New Medicine," 1975 · 16 pages. ⑮Lu Shouyan: "Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1962 · (3):1. ⑥Respiratory Group of the Internal Medicine Department of Xiyuan Hospital: "Reference for Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1977 · (1):2. ⑰Prevention and Treatment Group for Senile Chronic Tracheitis of the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Shaanxi New Medicine," 1972 · (1):6. 8. Tracheitis Group of the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Reference for Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1973 · (6):9. ⑨Visceral Imaging Research Group of Shanghai First Medical College: "Journal of New Pharmacology," 1976 · (4):24. ⑳"The Complete Works of Jing Yue," Volume 1, 397 pages, published by Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 59th edition. "Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1965 · (10):48. Four Li Chunyue: "Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1965 · (12):17. Internal Medicine Department of the PLA 285th Hospital: "Tianjin Medicine," 1975 · (4):192. ②Internal Medicine Department of the PLA 51st Army Hospital: "Journal of New Pharmacology," 1974 · (8):36. · 50. Longhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1974 · (11):14. ②Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital: "Journal of New Pharmacology," 1974 · (11):22. Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Journal of New Pharmacology," 1977 · (10):25. Four. Longhua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Journal of New Pharmacology," 1977 · (10):19. 0. Qin Bowei et al.: "Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine," 1960 · (8):5. ③①Yan Dexin et al.: "Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1963 · (7):13. ②Gu Zaishi et al.: "Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1965 · (9):21. 3. Wujin County People's Hospital: "Jiangsu Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1962 · (12):25. ④Pei Zhengxue: "Report on a Case of Cured Acute Monocytic Leukemia," unpublished material. ⑤Pediatrics Department of Chaoyang People's Hospital in Liaoning Province: "Experience in Treating Acute Leukemia with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine," internal material. Blood Disease Group of the Internal Medicine Department of Xiyuan Hospital, Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Reference for Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine," 1973 · (9):11. 37. Huashan Hospital of Shanghai First Medical College: "Tumor Prevention and Treatment Newsletter," 1975 · (3):16. Case of Cough Due to Wind-Cold with Phlegm and Spleen Deficiency Cough Treatment by Pei Shen, compiled by Pei Zhengxue

The condition differs from the initial diagnosis; wind-cold has transformed into yin deficiency, daytime cough has turned into nighttime wheezing. Therefore, the initial treatment focused on dispersing wind-cold and eliminating phlegm to stop coughing, which proved effective. By the third visit, the treatment shifted to tonifying qi and nourishing yin while removing phlegm and stabilizing wheezing, achieving success. The therapeutic approach was adjusted according to the changing symptoms, and the medication...

Cough due to wind-cold with phlegm: Luo ××, male, 50 years old, PLA, Initial consultation on September 25, 1976. Cough had persisted for 6–7 days, gradually worsening. Accompanied by fever, chills, no sweating, and headache. Usually produces copious sputum, recently becoming watery and foamy, along with chest tightness, shortness of breath, dry mouth but little desire to drink, floating, slippery, and rapid pulse, pale red tongue body with white greasy coating. The syndrome is characterized by accumulation of phlegm-dampness internally and invasion of wind-cold into the lungs; treatment should dispel wind and cold and warm and transform phlegm-dampness. The formula used is Xiao Qinglong Tang with added ingredients: Ephedra, White Peony Root, Cinnamon Twig, Licorice Root, Dried Ginger, Schisandra Berry, Pinellia Ternata, Apricot Kernel, Magnolia Bark—each 6 grams; Poria, Perilla Seed, Arisaema, Purple Aster, Stemona—each 9 grams; Asarum 3 grams. After taking three doses, re-consulted on October 3; cough and wheezing had subsided, but sputum remained abundant, though less foamy than before, pulse became floating and slow, white greasy coating on the tongue decreased, still somewhat pale red. Mouth remained dry, so Northern Sand Ginseng 9 grams and Schisandra Berry 4.5 grams were added to the original formula. After five doses, sputum disappeared and cough healed. November 27, third visit: due to work fatigue, sputum and wheezing recurred, especially at night, only mild coughing remained, pulse deep and fine, tongue red without coating. Used Jinshui Liu Jun Jian combined with Shengmai San with added ingredients. Rehmannia Root 12 grams, Angelica Sinensis, Pinellia Ternata, Citrus Peel, Poria, Licorice—each 6 grams, Sand Ginseng, Ophiopogon, Roasted Loquat Leaf, Ginkgo Nut—each 9 grams, Schisandra Berry 3 grams. After six doses, follow-up showed that nighttime wheezing had subsided and all sputum and cough had disappeared.

"The Treatise on Cold Damage" states: "If the exterior pattern of cold damage is not resolved, there is water qi under the heart, causing dry heaving, fever, and cough, or thirst... or wheezing, then Xiao Qinglong Tang is the principal prescription." In this case, fever, chills, no sweating, and headache indicate unresolved exterior pattern; cough, wheezing, and watery, foamy sputum, along with chest tightness and shortness of breath, can be considered as "water qi under the heart." Xiao Qinglong Tang uses Ephedra and Cinnamon to resolve exterior cold; Dried Ginger, Asarum, Schisandra, and Pinellia to warm and transform water-dampness. Based on clinical manifestations, additional herbs such as Perilla Seed, Apricot Kernel, Stemona, Purple Aster, Er Chen Tang, Arisaema, and Magnolia Bark were added to enhance the effects of stopping cough and relieving wheezing, as well as warming and transforming phlegm-dampness. At the follow-up visit, since the tongue was still red and dry mouth persisted, Shengmai San was added to tonify qi and generate body fluids. At the third visit, Jinshui Liu Jun Jian was used instead; Zhang Jingyue originally formulated this prescription to treat lung-kidney deficiency-cold with water overflowing and phlegm spilling out, but in fact, Angelica Sinensis and Rehmannia Root both have blood-nourishing and yin-tonifying effects, while Er Chen Tang helps address phlegm-wheezing caused by blood-yin deficiency, making it more suitable for treating conditions beyond just lung-kidney deficiency-cold. Given the deep and fine pulse, Shengmai San was added to tonify qi and nourish yin, followed by Loquat Leaf and Ginkgo Nut to further strengthen the effects of stopping cough and relieving wheezing. Because...

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Apply the method based on clinical judgment and ensure precise alignment with the patient’s condition.

Spleen Deficiency Cough: Liang ××, female, 43 years old, farmer, Initial consultation on September 30, 1976. For two years, she has frequently coughed; local hospital treated her as chronic bronchitis, with symptoms fluctuating between mild and severe, never fully cured. Every autumn and winter, cough worsens, producing white sputum, excessive nasal discharge, poor appetite, loose stools, and whenever she eats cold food, her epigastric region feels bloated and mildly painful, sometimes with acid reflux. Pulse is slippery, tongue coating thin and white. Spleen deficiency and dampness stagnation, spleen and lung both affected; treatment focuses on warming the spleen, drying dampness, eliminating phlegm, and stopping cough. The formula used is Liu Jun Zi Tang combined with Dan Shen Yin with added ingredients. Codonopsis Pilosula 15 grams, Atractylodes Macrocephala, Poria, Citrus Peel, Pinellia Ternata, Roasted Licorice—each 6 grams, Sandalwood, Roasted Ephedra, Stir-fried Apricot Kernel, Amomum Villosum, Dried Ginger—each 3 grams, Stemona, Dan Shen, Purple Aster—each 9 grams, Calcined Clay Brick 12 grams, Schisandra Berry 4.5 grams. After taking three doses, re-consulted on the 10th of the following month; loose stools improved, appetite increased, epigastric pain and acid reflux reduced, continued with the original formula. On the 20th of the same month, third visit. Stools had become formed, cough had stopped, greasy coating had faded, switched to pill form for consolidation. Codonopsis Pilosula, Atractylodes Macrocephala, Poria, Pinellia Ternata, Citrus Peel, Terminalia Chebula—each 30 grams, Poppy Shell, Chinese Yam, Jilin Ginseng, Walnut Meat—each 24 grams, Dried Ginger 15 grams. Grind finely, mix with honey to make pills, each weighing 6 grams, take one pill morning and evening.

"The Plain Questions · On Cough" says: "All five viscera and six bowels can cause coughing, not just the lungs. ... When cold food enters the stomach, it travels up through the lung meridian to reach the lungs, causing lung cold. When the lungs are cold, external and internal pathogenic factors combine and invade, resulting in lung cough." This indicates that stomach cold can lead to lung cold. Since the qi of food and water in the stomach cannot ascend to vaporize and nourish the entire body, it turns into phlegm-dampness and accumulates in the stomach. The lungs govern qi and can only receive pure qi, not turbid qi. When phlegm-dampness lingers in the stomach, the qi sent to the lungs becomes impure, leading to coughing and choking. Therefore, "Plain Questions · On Cough" mentions "accumulation in the stomach, affecting the lungs, causing nasal discharge and reverse airflow." The spleen and stomach are interconnected; the spleen transports its fluids upward to the lungs, so when phlegm-dampness accumulates in the stomach, the spleen's yang energy also gets trapped in the dampness. In this case, there are signs of spleen dysfunction, such as white sputum, excessive nasal discharge, loose stools, abdominal distension, reduced appetite, and greasy tongue coating. "Plain Questions · On the Theory of Vital Energy" states: "Autumn injury causes dampness, leading to reverse flow and cough," and "Plain Questions · On the Great Theory of Yin-Yang Correspondence" also says: "Autumn injury causes dampness, leading to cough in winter," indicating that coughs tend to worsen every autumn and winter.