1.1.5 Main Treatments for Aplastic Anemia

1.1.5 Main Treatments for Aplastic Anemia

1.1.5.1 Pharmacological Treatment

1.1.5.1.1 Androgen Therapy

Medications such as Kanglilong, Kangfuilong (oxymetholone), testosterone enanthate, compound long-acting testosterone injection (Qiaolibao, triolandren), and 17α-methyltestosterone (methandienonum, trade name Dianabol) aim to increase erythropoietin production, enhance erythropoietin’s effect on hematopoietic stem cells, and stimulate quiescent multipotent stem cells (CFU-S) to enter the cell proliferation cycle, thereby generating erythroid-directed stem cells and promoting the differentiation of CFU-E and CFU-C into mature cells.

1.1.5.1.2 Vasodilators

Mechanism of Action: For example, 654-2 and belladonna extract tablets work by relieving microvascular spasm and adjusting blood flow perfusion, thus improving the hematopoietic microenvironment and ensuring adequate blood supply to hematopoietic tissues, restoring their hematopoietic function. Furthermore, aplastic anemia patients often exhibit reduced cyclic AMP and elevated cyclic GMP levels in their blood, while 654-2 is an M-type receptor antagonist that increases cAMP and suppresses cGMP, raising the cAMP/cGMP ratio and favoring the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells.

1.1.5.1.3 Bone Marrow Nerve Stimulants

Such as strychnine nitrate and huperzine A, these drugs may stimulate nerves and dilate Research on Pei Zhengxue’s Series of Formulas and Medications

the bone marrow vasculature, regulate bone marrow blood flow, and improve the bone marrow microenvironment, often used in treating chronic aplastic anemia.