3.3 Symptomatic Treatment

3.3 Symptomatic Treatment

3.3.1 Treatment of Bleeding

When there is a clear tendency to bleed, hemostatic agents, aminocaproic acid, vitamin K, and vitamin C can be used. For non-gastrointestinal bleeding, intravenous drip of dexamethasone or hydrocortisone can also be added.

3.3.2 Infection

Due to neutropenia, when the absolute neutrophil count is less than 0.5×10⁹/L, infection is inevitable. Pathogens often come from the skin, mucous membranes, and respiratory tract, but can also originate from the gastrointestinal tract, common bile duct, and urinary tract—conditional pathogens. Pay attention to hygiene of the skin, mouth, and anus, as well as dietary hygiene. When blood counts are too low (neutrophils <0.5×10⁹/L), protective isolation measures should be taken to avoid contamination from various punctures and catheters. For patients with granulocytopenia and severe infections that do not respond to antibiotic treatment, granulocyte transfusions can be given—at least (1–2)×10¹⁰ granulocytes per day for 3–5 consecutive days—to control the infection.