2 Effects of Pei's Shengxue Granules on Immune Organs

2 Effects of Pei's Shengxue Granules on Immune Organs

Recent studies have shown that the occurrence, development, and prognosis of tumors are closely related to the immune status of the host carrying the tumor. After a tumor develops, the body's own immune function declines, and the number of suppressive cells in the body increases significantly, suppressing the body's immune response against the tumor, allowing the tumor to evade immune surveillance and promoting tumor growth. [4]

The thymus is an important central immune organ, and the spleen is one of the important peripheral immune organs, playing a crucial role in the body's immune regulation. Observing changes in the thymus and spleen can help evaluate the body's immune status. [25]

The thymus is the site where T cells develop, differentiate, and mature. T cells are important immune cells in the human body, capable of mediating cellular immunity and participating in the execution and regulation of various immune functions; anti-tumor immunity is mainly based on cellular immunity. Many animal experiments have shown that the thymus of tumor-bearing hosts often shrinks, loses weight, and experiences a significant reduction in thymic cells. At this point, the body's cellular immune function and related immune capabilities decline, which is detrimental to the body's fight against tumor cells. The spleen is the largest peripheral immune organ in the human body, serving as the residence of various immune cells and the main base for generating immune responses to antigens and producing immune effector substances. Currently, it is believed that the spleen has a dual nature in tumor immunity: in the early stages of tumor development, it plays a positive immune role, inhibiting tumor growth. However, in the later stages of tumor growth, the spleen produces a large number of suppressive cells and releases active soluble substances that suppress the body's immune function. [26]

Currently, the main treatments for tumors are surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Surgical treatment can only remove visible tumors, but is powerless against recurrence and metastasis. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy, while killing tumor cells, also damage normal cells, especially suppressing bone marrow hematopoiesis and weakening the body's immune function. With the development of traditional Chinese medicine in our country, continuous research on traditional Chinese medicine has revealed that it has multiple pathways, multiple targets, few toxic side effects, and is less likely to cause drug resistance in the treatment of tumors. It has particular advantages in combating the multi-factorial and multi-stage pathogenic nature of tumors. [27]

From the experiment, it was observed that in the model group, the thymus and spleen of mice shrank in size and weight, with some thymic lobes unclear and grayish-white in color, and the spleen turning pale red. The thymus index of mice in all PG dosage groups and the blank control group was higher than that of the model group, with significant differences compared with the model group (p<0.05 or p<0.01). The spleen index of mice in all PG dosage groups and the blank control group was also higher than that of the model group, with significant differences compared with the model group (p<0.05 or p<0.01). There was no significant difference between the PG dosage groups and the ZG group (p>0.05). The experimental results show that Pei's Shengxue Granules has a clear enhancing effect on the thymus index and spleen index, can improve the body's non-specific immune function, strengthen the body's resistance to harmful external stimuli, and reduce bodily harm.

3 Effects of Pei's Shengxue Granules on Tumor Angiogenesis