Reconsideration of Multiple Myeloma MM , May 6, 1998

Reconsideration of Multiple Myeloma (MM), May 6, 1998

The etiology of this disease is linked to asbestos-related pneumoconiosis, viral infections, or exposure to radioactive substances. Clinically, it predominantly affects men aged 40–60, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 2:1. The main clinical manifestations include:

Symptoms: Anemia, bone pain, sensitivity to cold, osteolysis, accompanied by hyperuricemia and renal failure. Cold sensitivity may progress to Raynaud’s phenomenon, characterized by limb spasms. Laboratory tests: Decreased hemoglobin, reduced platelet count, markedly accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased blood calcium, elevated total plasma protein, imbalance in the albumin/globulin ratio, increased globulins, increased M-protein, elevated IgE, IgG, and IgA, positive serum protein electrophoresis, and increased plasma cells in peripheral blood. X-ray, CT, and MRI can detect osteolysis at an early stage.

Treatment: ADM is the optimal drug for this condition, with CTX and VCR as adjuncts; Kangli Long and hormones are also viable options.