3.2 Effects of Interleukin-1 IL-1

3.2 Effects of Interleukin-1 (IL-1)

IL-1 is one of the most potent inflammatory mediators in the body, with extremely broad biological effects. It can trigger inflammatory responses through multiple mechanisms, such as inducing the expression of cytokines, chemokines, inflammatory cell molecules, and adhesion molecules, playing an important role in various inflammatory proliferative diseases and inflammation-related tumors. IL-1β (interleukin 1β, IL-1β) is an important member of the IL-1 family, with extremely low expression levels in normal bodies. In recent years, it has been found that many tumor cells exhibit abnormally high levels of IL-1β expression, and IL-1β has a significant upregulatory effect on VEGF, playing an important role in tumor growth, local infiltration, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis [30,31]. In addition, IL-1β present in the tumor microenvironment is very likely to affect the response of the body’s immune cells, thereby accelerating the immune evasion of tumor cells. However, some literature still indicates that IL-1 can exert an anti-tumor effect by increasing the number of white blood cells infiltrating the tumor and enhancing their function. All of these still need further confirmation. But judging from most of the available data, the increase in IL-1 promotes tumor growth and metastasis.

In this experiment, radioimmunoassay was used to measure the concentration of IL-1 in the serum of tumor-bearing mice, and the results showed that the IL-1 concentrations in the serum of all PG dose groups were lower than those in the model group, with the medium- and high-dose groups at 0.099±0.028ng/ml and 0.078±0.027ng/ml, respectively, both significantly lower than the model group (P<0.05). The IL-1 concentration in the serum of the model group was significantly higher than that of the normal group (P<0.05). This suggests that Pei’s Shengxue Granules can inhibit the secretion of IL-1, thereby regulating the body’s immune function through its effects on cytokines and achieving the goal of anti-tumor activity.

III. Conclusion