2.3.1 Strengthening the Spleen and Replenishing Qi Method

2.3.1 Strengthening the Spleen and Replenishing Qi Method

Among the many prescriptions used throughout history to treat liver cancer, herbs like Atractylodes macrocephala and Astragalus are frequently mentioned, indicating that physicians place great emphasis on regulating the spleen and stomach—exactly in line with Zhang Zhongjing’s saying: “To prevent disease before it occurs, when you see liver disease, understand that it will spread to the spleen, so first strengthen the spleen.” Huang Guoxian et al. [4] used spleen-strengthening and qi-replenishing herbs in combination with hepatic arterial embolization chemotherapy to treat liver cancer, finding that these herbs could prevent liver function damage caused by interventional procedures and significantly improve patients’ general condition, including diet and sleep, thereby enhancing their quality of life. Cai Yuwen et al. [5] found that a spleen-strengthening and qi-regulating formula (Astragalus, ginseng, stir-fried Atractylodes macrocephala, poria, tangerine peel, cimicifuga, bupleurum, angelica sinensis, etc.) could induce apoptosis in liver cancer cells, possibly through regulating the expression of the oncogene Bcl-2 and the tumor suppressor gene P53 [6]. Wang Shaozhuo et al. [7] showed that adding ingredients to the Four Gentlemen Decoction could markedly improve clinical symptoms after interventional treatment for primary liver cancer, reduce post-interventional toxic side effects, significantly enhance quality of life, and extend survival time. Notably, ginsenosides and ginseng polysaccharides in ginseng not only boost the body’s immunity but also directly inhibit tumor cells [7].